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Cov Pob Zeb Mica Translucent Ua Cov Khoom Siv Yas Rau Cov Khoom Txhaj Tshuaj Moulded Cov Khoom Siv Yas Hauv Tsev Thiab Cov Khoom Siv Yas Muaj Khoom Siv Yas Reinforcing Filler
Cov pob zeb mica uas pom tseeb, yog ib yam khoom siv tau ntau yam thiab muaj nqis heev, tau tshwm sim los ua ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa yas thoob plaws ntau yam kev siv. Txij li cov khoom txhaj tshuaj mus rau cov khoom yas hauv tsev thiab cov khoom siv yas hauv kev lag luam, cov pob zeb no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li lub zog, kev tiv taus cua sov, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov ntev. Tau los ntawm cov chaw nplua nuj mica ntawm Guizhou thiab Shanxi xeev hauv Suav teb, cov cheeb tsam no tau paub zoo rau kev tsim cov pob zeb mica zoo, pom tseeb, thiab muaj zog. Cov pob zeb mica raug ua tiav ib theem ua tib zoo los txhim kho lawv cov kev sib kis hauv cov yas yaj, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev txhawb nqa zoo thiab zoo thoob plaws cov khoom tiav.
Cov Khoom Txhaj Tshuaj Moulded
Hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom txhaj tshuaj pwm, uas suav nrog ntau yam khoom siv suav nrog cov iav yas thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, qhov ntxiv ntawm cov pob zeb mica translucent ua rau muaj kev txhim kho zoo hauv lub zog tensile. Cov qauv txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pob zeb mica tso cai rau kev sib txuas zoo nrog cov yas polymers. Qhov kev sib txuas zoo no ua haujlwm ua kev tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv cov khoom kom tsis txhob tawg thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis deforming thaum muaj zog khoov. Cov khoom no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev, xws li cov khoom siv hauv tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, qhov twg kev ua tau zoo tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv. Ib yam li ntawd, hauv cov tshuab ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam, qhov twg cov khoom siv raug rau cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm hnyav, lub zog ntxiv los ntawm cov pob zeb mica ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab lub neej ntev ntawm cov khoom siv.Cov Khoom Siv Yas Hauv Tsev
Cov khoom yas hauv tsev, suav nrog cov khoom siv xws li cov thawv cia khoom noj thiab cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj, tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev suav nrog cov mica flakes. Ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog qhov ua kom muaj zog tiv taus cua sov. Nrog cov mica flakes sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv lawv cov khoom, cov khoom no tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub siab, xws li cov uas ntsib hauv lub qhov cub microwave lossis thaum raug dej kub. Qhov kev tiv taus cua sov no tsis yog tsuas yog tiv thaiv kev khoov xwb tab sis kuj ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom tsis tso tawm cov tshuaj lom.Cov Khoom Siv Yas Lag Luam
Rau cov khoom yas hauv kev lag luam, xws li cov kav dej thiab cov siv conveyor, qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov mica flakes yog qhov hloov pauv qhov kev ua si. Thaum lub sijhawm txias ntawm kev tsim yas, qhov shrinkage yog ib qho teeb meem uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tsis haum ua ke zoo lossis deformed dhau sijhawm. Mica flakes ua tau zoo txo qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev txo cov yas shrinkage, xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom lag luam haum raws nraim thiab khaws lawv cov duab thoob plaws lawv lub neej kev pabcuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, mica flakes txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom yas. Cov cuab yeej no ua rau cov kav dej yas tsim nyog heev rau kev thauj ntau yam kua dej hauv kev lag luam yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj, yog li ua rau lub neej ntawm cov kav dej ntev dua thiab txo cov nqi txij nkawm.Lub Luag Haujlwm ntawm Cov Chaw Tsim Khoom Suav
Cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb uas tsim cov pob zeb mica translucent tsis yog tsuas yog cov neeg muag khoom xwb tab sis kuj yog cov neeg koom tes hauv cov txheej txheem tsim yas. Lawv muab kev txhawb nqa kev txawj ntse rau cov neeg tsim khoom yas, muab cov lus qhia tseem ceeb txog kev txiav txim siab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom ntim flake. Kev ua kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog thiab kev ywj pheej yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom yas, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb pab ua tiav qhov sib npaug no.Hais txog kev muaj peev xwm tsim khoom, cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb tau nruab nrog cov thev naus laus zis sib tsoo zoo tshaj plaws. Cov khoom siv siab heev no ua rau muaj peev xwm tsim cov mica flakes nrog qhov loj me sib xws, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav kev txhawb nqa hauv cov khoom yas. Qhov sib xws ntawm qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom ntawm cov yas tau faib sib npaug, ua rau cov khoom kawg txhim khu kev qha thiab ua tau zoo dua.Ntxiv mus, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev xa khoom loj thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, nrog rau cov chaw nres nkoj loj xws li Shenzhen thiab Qingdao, ua rau muaj kev faib khoom thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov mica flakes no. Qhov no ua rau cov chaw tsim khoom yas thoob ntiaj teb nkag mus rau cov khoom lag luam zoo hauv Suav teb mica flakes, yog li txhawb nqa kev tsim cov khoom yas ruaj khov thiab ua tau zoo thoob plaws ntau yam lag luam. Txawm hais tias nws nyob hauv kev lag luam tsheb, kev lag luam hluav taws xob, lossis kev tsim khoom siv, kev muaj cov mica flakes hauv Suav teb tau pab txhawb rau kev txhim kho cov khoom yas zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo.Xaus lus, kev siv cov pob zeb mica translucent uas tau los ntawm xeev Guizhou thiab Shanxi hauv Suav teb tau hloov pauv kev lag luam tsim khoom yas. Lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb tau ua rau muaj peev xwm tsim cov khoom yas uas muaj zog dua, tiv taus cua sov, thiab ruaj khov, ua tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau ntawm cov ntawv thov niaj hnub no.
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Tuam Tshoj Hebei Ua Cov Pob Khoom Ua Los Ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ua Vaj Tse Zoo Tshaj Plaws Kev Kho Dej Hauv Pas Dej
Cov pob ua los ntawm cov av nplaum uas lim dej los ntawm Hebei qhia txog keeb kwm ua tes ua los ntawm cov av nplaum uas muaj nyob ntev hauv cheeb tsam. Cov pob no tau tsim ua tib zoo kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam kev kho dej. Cov kws ua tes ua hauv zos sib xyaw cov av nplaum zoo tshaj plaws nrog cov zaub mov ntuj tsim los tsim cov pob ua los ntawm cov av nplaum uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo heev thiab kev tsim khoom zoo. Cov khoom siv raw mus dhau qhov kev ua tiav zoo siv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom siab heev, lav tias txhua lub pob ua los ntawm cov av nplaum muaj qhov zoo sib xws thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom sib npaug.
Cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov av nplaum no raug hlawv los ntawm kev kub siab heev. Kev kho tshwj xeeb no ua rau lawv cov porosity zoo dua, ua rau muaj thaj chaw sab hauv dav heev. Thaj chaw dav no ua rau cov pob zeb muaj peev xwm nyiam thiab ntes cov khoom tsis huv, cov hlau hnyav, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg uas pom hauv dej. Cov qauv porous kuj ua lub chaw nyob zoo rau cov kab mob me me uas muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov kab mob me me no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev rhuav tshem cov organic pa phem thiab tswj kom muaj kev sib npaug ntawm cov dej hauv av.
Cov pob zeb ua los ntawm Hebei muaj ntau yam kev siv. Hauv cov tshuab lim dej hauv tsev, cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov av no tau muab tso rau hauv cov lim dej. Lawv tshem tawm cov tshuaj chlorine, cov av qias neeg, thiab cov ntxhiab tsw tsis zoo, muab cov dej huv thiab tshiab rau kev siv txhua hnub. Hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm, lawv tau koom ua ke rau hauv cov tshuab kho dej. Ntawm no, lawv txo cov pa phem hauv cov dej khib nyiab, pab cov lag luam ua tau raws li cov qauv kev tso tawm ib puag ncig nruj. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb hauv dej, cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov av no pab tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig dej ruaj khov thiab huv si, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob zoo ntawm cov tsiaj txhu hauv dej.Cov neeg muag khoom hauv Hebei muab cov pob ceramic hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab cov lus qhia kom haum rau ntau yam kev xav tau kev kho dej. Cov pob ceramic me dua feem ntau siv rau hauv cov lim dej me me hauv tsev. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov loj dua yog qhov tsim nyog dua rau kev teeb tsa kev lag luam loj thiab kev ua liaj ua teb. Lub ntim khoom ntawm cov pob ceramic no tsom mus rau kev tiv thaiv. Cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov yog siv los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thaum thauj mus los thiab khaws cia. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub ntim khoom yog tsim los kom yooj yim rau cov neeg siv, ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov neeg tuav thiab teeb tsa cov pob ceramic hauv lawv cov khoom siv kho dej.Cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Hebei muab cov kev pabcuam tom qab muag khoom tiav. Lawv muab cov lus qhia txog kev kho dej, pab cov neeg siv khoom xaiv txoj hauv kev zoo rau lawv cov kev xav tau kev ntxuav dej tshwj xeeb. Cov chaw tsim khoom no kuj muab cov kev pabcuam soj ntsuam dej zoo. Los ntawm kev soj ntsuam qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov chaw dej kom raug, lawv tuaj yeem pom zoo hom thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov pob zeb ceramic rau ntau yam kev siv. Ua tsaug rau lawv txoj kev cog lus rau qhov zoo thiab kev tsim kho tshiab, Hebei cov pob zeb ceramic tau dhau los ua kev xaiv txhim khu kev qha rau kev ntxuav dej thoob plaws ntau qhov chaw. Lawv qhov kev hloov pauv tau, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ua rau lawv yog qhov kev xaiv nrov rau txhua tus neeg uas tab tom nrhiav kev txhim kho dej zoo, txawm tias nyob hauv tsev, kev lag luam, lossis cov chaw ua liaj ua teb. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pob zeb ceramic no, los ntawm lawv cov khoom sib xyaw rau lawv cov txheej txheem tua hluav taws thiab kev siv tau yooj yim, txuas ntxiv ua rau lawv yog tus neeg ua si tseem ceeb hauv kev ntxuav dej.Qhov kev txhim kho tas mus li hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ua los ntawm Hebei, suav nrog kev ua kom zoo dua hauv kev xaiv cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, ua rau lawv ua tau zoo dua. Cov khoom siv ua los ntawm cov ...
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Pob Zeb Ua Los Ntawm Tej Hub ...
Kev piav qhia: Nws yog ib yam khoom noj qab haus huv thiab ntuj tsim. dej huv, tso tawm cov khoom me me, uas yog kev noj qab haus huv rau lub cev.
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Xuab zeb xim zoo nkauj los ntawm Hebei Tuam Tshoj nrog kev nplaum zoo rau kev ua tes ua taw thiab cov khoom siv kos duab Mosaic kho kom zoo nkauj
Cov xuab zeb xim zoo nkauj los ntawm Hebei, Suav teb, tau tsim nws tus kheej ua cov khoom siv tau ntau yam thiab nrhiav tau ntau hauv ntau lub koom haum muaj tswv yim thiab kev lag luam. Nws lub koob npe nrov thoob ntiaj teb yog los ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau ntau yam kev siv, ua rau cov kws kos duab, cov neeg tsim qauv, thiab cov neeg nyiam DIY xav txog.Qhov kev nyiam ntawm Hebei cov xuab zeb muaj xim yog nyob rau hauv nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Tau los ntawm cov pob zeb marble thiab granite xaiv zoo, cov xuab zeb no dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom zoo thiab ua tib zoo. Los ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam ntau zaus, cov khoom siv raw tau hloov mus ua cov khoom me me heev. Cov khoom me me no khaws lawv cov duab nrog qhov tseeb zoo kawg nkaus thiab lo rau ntau yam substrates, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau ntau yam haujlwm. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv ntuj lossis dyed rau ib qho xim ci ntsa iab, cov xuab zeb muaj ntau yam xim, ua rau cov neeg tsim khoom coj lawv cov kev xav zoo tshaj plaws los rau hauv lub neej.Ib qho ntawm cov cim ntawm Hebei cov xim xuab zeb tsim yog qhov tsis txav mus los tsom mus rau qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom me me. Cov xuab zeb dhau los ntawm ntau theem ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam kom tshem tawm cov noob ntxhib, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws. Qhov kev saib xyuas kom meej no yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov haujlwm uas xav tau qhov tseeb, xws li cov duab kos duab thiab cov qauv tsim kom ntxaws. Rau cov xim sib txawv, cov xim kub-teeb tsa siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem xim. Cov xim no sib txuas zoo nrog cov xuab zeb me me, muab cov xim zoo heev. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov xim tseem ci ntsa iab thiab tsis ntws, txawm tias thaum cov xuab zeb sib xyaw nrog cov nplaum lossis raug dej noo, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom ntev.Hauv ntiaj teb kev kos duab, cov xuab zeb xim ntawm Hebei ua haujlwm ua ib qho chaw rau kev tsim cov duab kos mosaic zoo nkauj. Cov duab kos no qhia txog zaj dab neeg thiab qhia txog cov qauv zoo nkauj, ua rau phab ntsa zoo nkauj thiab muaj tswv yim. Cov xuab zeb kuj ua rau cov khoom siv iav zoo nkauj ntxiv, ntxiv cov xim uas ntes thiab cuam tshuam lub teeb rau hauv txoj kev zoo nkauj. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua tes, nws cov qauv zoo tso cai rau cov kws ua hniav nyiaj hniav kub los tsim cov qauv tsim zoo nkauj thiab ntxaws ntxaws, hloov cov khoom yooj yim mus rau hauv cov duab kos duab. Thaum ua ke nrog cov nplaum mosaic tshwj xeeb, cov xuab zeb lo rau ntawm cov chaw xws li ceramic, ntoo, thiab iav, kom ntseeg tau tias cov duab kos duab tiav lawm kav ntev mus. Cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov xuab zeb ntxiv ib txheej ntxiv ntawm qhov tob thiab qhov tshwj xeeb rau cov duab kos duab, tsim cov teebmeem pom uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua nrog lwm yam khoom siv hluavtaws.Tshaj li qhov chaw kos duab, Hebei cov xuab zeb xim tau ua rau muaj kev nkag mus rau hauv kev tsim kho sab hauv thiab cov haujlwm architectural. Nws yog siv los tsim cov qauv tsim hauv pem teb uas ntxiv kev zoo nkauj thiab kev ua tus kheej rau qhov chaw. Hauv kev tsim vaj thiab toj roob hauv pes, cov xuab zeb no yog siv los tsim cov kev kho kom zoo nkauj, cov qauv zoo nkauj hauv cov vaj pob zeb, thiab cov ciam teb zoo nkauj. Nws lub peev xwm los tiv taus cov khoom sab nraum zoov thaum khaws nws cov xim ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov ntawv thov no, txhim kho qhov zoo nkauj ntawm cov chaw sab nraum zoov.Qhov ua tau ntau yam ntawm Hebei cov xuab zeb muaj xim nthuav dav mus rau thaj chaw ntawm DIY tej yaam num, qhov chaw uas nws tau dhau los ua qhov nyiam ntawm cov neeg nyiam ua si thiab cov neeg nyiam ua si. Nws yog siv rau ntau yam khoom siv tes ua, los ntawm kev kho kom haum rau tus kheej cov thav duab thiab cov tais diav mus rau kev tsim cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev. Muaj cov ntim khoom me me ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov haujlwm ib leeg, thaum cov kev xaiv ntau rau cov chaw tsim khoom siv tes ua loj thiab cov lag luam lag luam. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias txawm tias qhov project loj npaum li cas los xij, cov xuab zeb muaj xim txaus tuaj yeem tau txais.Cov neeg muag khoom hauv Hebei tau ua raws li ntau yam kev xav tau ntawm lawv cov neeg siv khoom. Lawv muaj ntau yam kev xaiv ntim khoom, txij li cov pob me me uas haum rau cov kws kos duab mus rau cov thawv loj rau kev tsim khoom loj. Cov khoom siv piv txwv uas muaj ntau yam xim sib xyaw ua ke tau muab, tso cai rau cov neeg tsim khoom sim thiab xaiv cov xim zoo meej rau lawv cov haujlwm. Lub network logistics zoo tau muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kom ntseeg tau tias cov xuab zeb mus txog cov neeg siv khoom hauv qhov zoo meej. Lub ntim khoom tau tsim los khaws cov xuab zeb zoo nkauj thiab tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke, lav tias nws tuaj txog npaj rau kev siv.Hauv ntiaj teb ntawm cov haujlwm kev kawm, Hebei cov xuab zeb xim tau ua pov thawj tias yog ib qho kev pab qhia zoo heev. Nws pab cov tub ntxhais kawm nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus xws li kev xav xim, kev ntxhib los mos, thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov chav kawm kos duab. Hauv cov rooj cob qhia ua tes ua taw, nws txhawb kom muaj kev kawm thiab kev muaj tswv yim, ua rau cov neeg koom nrog tshawb nrhiav ntau yam txuj ci thiab qhia lawv cov tswv yim. Nws qhov xwm txheej tsis muaj tshuaj lom ua rau nws muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv hauv kev kawm, tso cai rau cov tub ntxhais kawm txhua lub hnub nyoog koom nrog nws yam tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb.Rau cov neeg npaj thiab cov neeg kho kom zoo nkauj, Hebei cov xuab zeb muaj xim muaj ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb los tsim cov teeb tsa uas nco ntsoov thiab pom tseeb. Nws tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom siv hauv nruab nrab, cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm theem, thiab kev teeb tsa sib tham. Cov xuab zeb cov xim ci ntsa iab thiab cov qauv zoo nkauj ntxiv qhov kov ntawm kev zoo nkauj thiab kev muaj tswv yim rau cov xwm txheej, ua rau lawv sawv tawm ntawm qhov ib txwm muaj. Txawm hais tias nws yog kev sib yuav, kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tuam txhab, lossis kev ua koob tsheej, cov xuab zeb muaj xim tuaj yeem hloov kho kom haum rau lub ntsiab lus thiab txhim kho qhov chaw tag nrho.Hauv kev tsim khoom, xuab zeb xim ntawm Hebei tab tom nrhiav kev rau hauv ntau yam khoom. Nws yog siv los ntxiv cov khoom dai rau cov ntawv sau, xws li phau ntawv sau thiab daim npav tos txais, ua rau lawv nyiam cov neeg siv khoom ntau dua. Hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev, nws tuaj yeem suav nrog rau hauv cov khoom xws li lub thoob, lub teeb, thiab cov thav duab, ua rau lawv muaj qhov kov tshwj xeeb thiab ua tes ua. Lub peev xwm ntawm xuab zeb los sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv tso cai rau cov neeg tsim qauv tsim cov khoom uas ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab zoo nkauj.Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov xuab zeb xim ntawm Hebei tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej txog kab lis kev cai. Nws tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kos duab hauv zos thiab kev ua tes ua taw, uas tau dhau los ntawm ntau tiam neeg. Cov kws ua tes ua taw hauv Hebei txaus siab rau lawv txoj kev ua tes ua taw, siv cov xuab zeb xim los tsim cov khoom uas qhia txog thaj chaw keeb kwm nplua nuj thiab tus cwj pwm kab lis kev cai. Cov duab kos duab ib txwm muaj no tsis yog tsuas yog khaws cia keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm thaj chaw xwb tab sis kuj nyiam cov neeg ncig tebchaws uas xav paub thiab yuav cov khoom ua tes ua taw tiag tiag.Raws li qhov kev thov thoob ntiaj teb rau cov duab kos duab tshwj xeeb, ua tes ua thiab kho kom zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb txuas ntxiv nce ntxiv, Hebei cov xuab zeb xim zoo nkauj yuav tseem yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov kws tshaj lij muaj tswv yim. Nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws, kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim, thiab ntau yam xim ua rau nws yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb rau txhua tus neeg uas xav muab lawv cov haujlwm nrog xim thiab kev muaj tswv yim. Txawm hais tias nws yog ib daim duab kos duab me me lossis kev tsim qauv loj, Hebei cov xuab zeb xim muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los coj cov tswv yim los rau hauv lub neej thiab tsim qee yam zoo kawg nkaus. Nws lub hwj chim nthuav dav mus deb tshaj qhov chaw uas nws tau tsim, ua lub cim hauv ntiaj teb kev muaj tswv yim thiab kev lag luam.
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Cov Hmoov Kaolin Hloov Kho Rau Kev Lag Luam Yas Txhim Kho Lub Zog Thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kub
Kev lag luam yas hloov zuj zus tas mus li xav tau cov khoom siv mineral fillers uas tuaj yeem ua kom cov khoom ua haujlwm zoo dua, txo cov nqi tsim khoom, thiab nthuav dav cov ciam teb ntawm daim ntawv thov. Ntawm cov no, cov hmoov kaolin hloov kho saum npoo av tau tshwm sim ua ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb, hloov pauv kev tsim cov khoom yas sib txawv suav nrog polypropylene (PP) cov khoom txhaj tshuaj pwm, polyethylene (PE) zaj duab xis, thiab polyvinyl chloride (PVC) profiles. Tsis zoo li nws cov khoom siv tsis hloov kho, uas feem ntau tsis sib xws nrog cov yas resins, cov hmoov kaolin hloov kho saum npoo av siv cov neeg sawv cev silane lossis titanate los tsim cov tshuaj sib txuas nrog cov saw polymer. Qhov kev sib cuam tshuam molecular-level no ua rau lub zog kho tshuab, kev ruaj khov thermal, thiab kev sib npaug ntawm cov yas matrices, ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov yas niaj hnub.
Kev Txhim Kho Lub Zog Mechanical
Kev ua kom lub zog ntawm cov khoom yas ruaj khov yog ib qho uas tsis tuaj yeem sib tham tau rau cov khoom yas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas siv rau hauv cov lag luam uas xav tau kev pab xws li kev tsim kho tsheb, kev tsim kho vaj tse, thiab cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Hmoov kaolin uas hloov kho qhov chaw, feem ntau yog qib ntawm 1000 thiab 2000 mesh, ua haujlwm ua tus neeg sawv cev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev tsim kom muaj lub network sib txuas ntawm cov pob zeb-polymer interfacial bonds. Lub network no pab txhawb kev faib tawm ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv thoob plaws hauv cov yas matrix, tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov leeg uas yuav ua rau tsis ua haujlwm.Hauv kev lag luam tsheb, qhov twg qhov hnyav txo thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv yog qhov tseem ceeb, kev ntxiv 10% -20% hmoov kaolin hloov kho qhov chaw (los ntawm qhov hnyav) rau PP cov khoom sab hauv tsheb - xws li lub dashboard casings thiab qhov rooj trims - tau ua pov thawj tias muaj kev txhim kho zoo kawg nkaus. Kev sim ua tib zoo los ntawm tus thawj coj German automotive qhov chaw muab khoom qhia tau tias muaj 25% -35% nce hauv lub zog tensile, tsa cov nqi ntawm 30 MPa mus rau 37-40 MPa. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov flexural modulus tau pom 40% -50% kev txhim kho, nce ntawm 1500 MPa mus rau 2100-2250 MPa. Cov txiaj ntsig no ua rau cov chaw tsim khoom txo cov khoom siv resin txog li 15%, ua tiav kev txuag nyiaj ntau yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom.Rau cov yeeb yaj kiab PE ua liaj ua teb, qhov kev hloov kho ntawm cov hmoov kaolin ua kom muaj cov khoom sib kis zoo dua, tiv thaiv cov khoom me me uas tuaj yeem tsim cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog. Cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj 8% -12% ntawm cov hmoov hloov kho no tau pom tias muaj kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam 30%, nce ntxiv ntawm 8 kJ / m² mus rau 10.4 kJ / m². Qhov kev ruaj khov ntxiv no tso cai rau cov yeeb yaj kiab kom tiv taus cua ceev txog li 18 m / s yam tsis muaj kev rhuav tshem, muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam dhau ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb.Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm Thermal
Kev tiv taus cua sov yog lwm qhov zoo tseem ceeb ntawm cov hmoov kaolin hloov kho saum npoo av hauv kev siv yas. Ntau yam khoom yas niaj hnub no, suav nrog cov thawv hluav taws xob, cov khoom hauv qab tsheb, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub siab yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Cov ntsiab lus alumina siab (xws li 38% -42%) hauv cov hmoov kaolin, ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem hloov kho saum npoo av zoo, txhim kho qhov kub hloov pauv cua sov (HDT) ntawm cov khoom yas.Ib lub tuam txhab tsim khoom siv PVC profile Italian tau siv cov hmoov kaolin uas tau hloov kho saum npoo av hauv kev tsim cov thav duab qhov rai, ua tiav qhov nce ntxiv ntawm HDT los ntawm 70 ° C mus rau 85 ° C. Qhov kev hloov kho qhov kub thiab txias no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov thav duab PVC tuaj yeem tiv taus lub hnub ci ncaj qha ntev hauv huab cua Mediterranean yam tsis muaj kev sib txhuam lossis kev hloov pauv. Ib yam li ntawd, rau cov thawv hluav taws xob PP uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim cua sov, kev siv cov hmoov kaolin ua rau HDT nce ntxiv los ntawm 110 ° C mus rau 130 ° C, ua tau raws li cov kev cai kub. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hmoov no ua rau cov teeb meem thermal shrinkage zoo; PP cov khoom txhaj tshuaj uas muaj 15% hmoov kaolin tau pom tias shrinkage ntawm 1.2%, piv rau 2.5% rau PP tsis muaj zog, ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntev thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom.Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom thiab Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Siv Tshuab
Kev tsim cov hmoov kaolin uas tau hloov kho rau saum npoo ntawm cov yas muaj ob theem uas tau tsim los ua tib zoo: kev ua kom cov hlau zoo thiab kev kho saum npoo. Cov hlau kaolin nyoos raug siv los ua kom zoo dua los ntawm kev sib cais hlau nplaum thiab cov txheej txheem ua npuas dej kom tshem tawm cov hlau thiab titanium impurities, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hmoov tsis zoo. Tom qab ntawd, cov hlau raug zom kom tau qhov loj me uas xav tau siv cov txheej txheem sib tsoo qhuav nrog cov tshuab cais cua, tsim cov qib txij li 1000 txog 2000 mesh.Cov theem hloov kho qhov chaw siv cov tshuab sib tov ceev ceev uas ua haujlwm ntawm 1500-2000 rpm los sib xyaw cov khoom kaolin nrog cov neeg sawv cev sib txuas. Cov neeg sawv cev sib txuas Silane, xws li KH-550, yog qhov zoo dua rau PP thiab PE daim ntawv thov vim lawv muaj zog rau polyolefin polymers, thaum cov neeg sawv cev sib txuas titanate xws li TMC-101 yog qhov tsim nyog dua rau PVC compounds. Cov tshuaj sib txuas raug tswj hwm kom zoo ntawm 0.5% -1.5% ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov hmoov kaolin kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom npog tag nrho yam tsis muaj cov khoom ntau dhau uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua cov yas. Tom qab hloov kho, cov hmoov raug txias rau qhov kub thiab txias thiab sieve kom tshem tawm cov agglomerates, ua rau cov khoom ntws dawb, homogeneous npaj rau kev koom ua ke rau hauv cov yas formulations.Cov ntsuas tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuab tswj hwm qhov zoo ntawm cov hmoov kaolin uas tau hloov kho rau ntawm qhov chaw rau cov yas. Kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom me me, ntsuas los ntawm D50 tus nqi ntawm 5-10 μm (1000 mesh) lossis 2-5 μm (2000 mesh), cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev sib kis thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Kev dawb, qhia ua tus nqi L * ntawm ≥90%, ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb zoo nkauj hauv cov ntawv thov uas xim yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev tswj hwm cov dej noo noo (≤0.3%) tiv thaiv cov teeb meem xws li hydrolysis thaum lub sijhawm ua cov yas, thaum tus nqi them rau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm ≥95% lav qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib txuas interfacial. Cov nqi nqus roj ntawm 20-25 mL / 100g qhia txog cov hmoov cov yam ntxwv ntub dej, cuam tshuam rau cov khoom sib xyaw viscosity thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov kev ntsuas no raug sim nruj siv cov cuab yeej tshuaj ntsuam xyuas siab heev, suav nrog cov khoom me me laser, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thiab thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).Kev Ua Tau Zoo ntawm Cov Khoom Siv thiab Kev Txhawb Nqa Kev Txawj Ntse
Cov khoom siv rau cov hmoov kaolin uas tau hloov kho saum npoo av tau raug kho kom zoo kom haum rau cov voj voog tsim khoom sai ntawm kev lag luam yas. Cov kev xaiv ntim khoom suav nrog 25kg hnab ntawv ntau txheej uas muaj cov ntaub thaiv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob los tiv thaiv cov hmoov av thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom muaj kev ncaj ncees, nrog rau 1000kg hnab loj uas muaj cov tes tsho forklift rau kev tuav thiab khaws cia zoo. Lub sijhawm xa khoom tau yooj yim, nrog cov neeg siv khoom hauv cheeb tsam (piv txwv li, kev xa khoom los ntawm Tuam Tshoj mus rau Sab Qab Teb Asia) tau txais cov xaj hauv 7-14 hnub, thaum kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb (xws li cov mus rau Tebchaws Europe) tau ua tiav hauv 21-30 hnub.
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Hmoov Talc Qib Kev Lag Luam los ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Tsim Nyog rau Kev Txheej Txheem Yas Roj Hmab thiab Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom Siv Ceramic
Tuam Tshoj muaj npe nrov rau nws cov khoom muaj talc ntau heev, nrog rau cov chaw tso nyiaj ntau heev nyob thoob plaws thaj chaw xws li Liaoning, Shandong, thiab Guangxi. Cov chaw tso nyiaj no muaj cov txheej txheem tsim sib txawv uas qhia txog keeb kwm geological nyuaj ntawm lub tebchaws.
Liaoning, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaj chaw Dashiqiao, yog ib qho ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov chaw tsim khoom loj talc. Ntawm no, cov talc deposits tsim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm dolomite thiab magnesite nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias siab thaum lub sijhawm Proterozoic. Cov kev txav mus los tectonic ntev thiab cov dej num hydrothermal hauv thaj av no tau txhawb nqa recrystallization ntawm cov zaub mov, maj mam ua rau muaj talc qib siab nrog cov qauv du thiab cov qauv lamellar zoo. Cov txheej txheem geological no zoo ib yam li qee cov pob zeb qub tau hloov pauv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav los tsim cov minerals tshwj xeeb.
Hauv Shandong, cov talc hauv cov chaw xws li Yishui thiab Junan feem ntau yog los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pob zeb ultramafic. Thaum cov pob zeb no sib cuam tshuam nrog cov kua dej hydrothermal uas muaj silica ntau, ntau yam kev tshuaj lom neeg tau tshwm sim, ua rau muaj cov talc nrog cov xim dawb thiab lubricity zoo, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev lag luam xws li ceramics thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Cov pob zeb talc hauv Guangxi, uas muaj ntau nyob rau hauv thaj chaw zoo li Hezhou, tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig geological sib txawv. Lawv feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem sedimentary - metamorphic, qhov twg cov pob zeb sedimentary uas muaj magnesium - cov khoom nplua nuj tau hloov pauv, ua rau muaj talc nplua nuj.Cov neeg khawb av hauv Suav teb siv ntau txoj kev khawb av qhib thiab av hauv av nyob ntawm qhov tob thiab qhov loj ntawm cov pob zeb. Rau cov pob zeb me me, kev khawb av qhib yog qhov zoo dua vim nws ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tus nqi qis dua, thaum cov txheej txheem khawb av hauv av siv rau cov peev txheej tob dua. Tom qab rho tawm, Suav teb siv cov txheej txheem ua tiav zoo, suav nrog kev hnav cov hlau, kev sib tsoo zoo, thiab kev hloov kho qhov chaw. Kev hnav cov hlau cais cov hlau ntawm cov hlau gangue, thiab kev sib tsoo zoo ua cov hlau mus rau ntau qib zoo raws li kev thov sib txawv ntawm kev lag luam. Kev hloov kho qhov chaw yog ua los txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov hlau nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov ntawv thov siab xws li yas thiab roj hmab. Cov kauj ruam ua tiav no yog tsim los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv cov hlau, xyuas kom meej tias nws ua tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab thoob ntiaj teb, zoo li ntau txoj kev ua tiav txhim kho kev siv tau ntawm lwm cov hlau. Tuam Tshoj cov peev txheej nplua nuj ntawm cov hlau, nrog lawv cov keeb kwm geological tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav siab heev, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hlau thoob ntiaj teb.
Hmoov Talc, ib yam khoom siv magnesium silicate uas muaj nyob hauv ntuj, tau dhau los ua ib yam khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam vim nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw ua ke. Peb lub tuam txhab hmoov talc qib kev lag luam tau tsim los ua kom tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau ntawm cov yas, roj hmab, txheej, thiab cov khoom siv ceramic - plaub qhov chaw uas kev ntseeg tau, kev sib xws, thiab kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Hauv kev tsim cov yas, peb cov hmoov talc qib kev lag luam ua haujlwm ua cov khoom siv ntau yam uas ua rau cov khoom zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua. Thaum muab sib xyaw rau hauv polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), lossis polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resins, nws txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm qhov ntev los ntawm kev txo qhov ntsws thaum lub sijhawm molding. Qhov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov khoom yas xws li cov khoom siv sab hauv tsheb, cov thawv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev, qhov twg qhov loj me kom raug ua kom haum thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Peb cov hmoov talc cov qauv lamellar kuj ua rau muaj kev ruaj khov yam tsis cuam tshuam rau kev cuam tshuam, tso cai rau cov chaw tsim khoom kom txo cov khoom tuab thaum tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm zoo - txiav cov nqi khoom siv raw los ntawm 10-15%. Nrog rau cov kev xaiv loj ntawm cov khoom me me txij li 200 txog 1250 mesh, peb ua haujlwm rau ntau txoj hauv kev ua cov yas, los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding mus rau extrusion, ua kom muaj kev sib kis zoo thiab zam kev puas tsuaj xws li streaking lossis clumping.Rau kev tsim roj hmab, peb cov hmoov talc ua haujlwm ua tus pab ua thiab tus neeg sawv cev txhawb zog. Nws txo qhov viscosity ntawm cov roj hmab sib xyaw, ua rau kev sib tov thiab extrusion du thiab siv hluav taws xob ntau dua. Hauv cov roj hmab ntuj thiab cov roj hmab hluavtaws (xws li roj hmab nitrile butadiene), nws ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kev tsim kua muag thiab kev tiv thaiv kev sib txhuam, ua kom lub neej ntawm cov khoom roj hmab xws li cov yeeb nkab kev lag luam, cov siv conveyor, thiab gaskets ntev dua. Ib lub chaw tsim roj hmab hauv Southeast Asia tau tshaj tawm tias kev koom ua ke peb cov hmoov talc rau hauv lawv cov qauv hose ua rau cov khoom ruaj khov dua 25%, txo qhov zaus hloov pauv rau lawv cov neeg siv khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb cov hmoov talc cov tshuaj inertness ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg sawv cev vulcanizing thiab antioxidants, tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis xav tau uas yuav ua rau cov roj hmab ua haujlwm tsis zoo dhau sijhawm.Hauv kev lag luam txheej, peb cov hmoov talc qib kev lag luam ua haujlwm ua tus neeg sawv cev txuas ntxiv thiab tus neeg sawv cev matting. Nws txhim kho qhov opacity ntawm cov xim thiab cov txheej, tso cai rau cov neeg tsim cov qauv kom txo cov nqi kim titanium dioxide (TiO₂) thaum tswj kev npog - txo cov nqi tsim los ntawm 8-12%. Cov khoom lamellar tsim ib qho thaiv hauv zaj duab xis txheej, ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv dej, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab UV hluav taws xob. Qhov no ua rau peb cov hmoov talc zoo tagnrho rau cov txheej txheem kev lag luam siv rau cov qauv hlau, tshuab, thiab phab ntsa sab nraud, qhov twg kev tiv taus huab cua ntev yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ib tus neeg muag khoom txheej European pom tias kev siv peb cov hmoov talc hauv lawv cov qauv enamel kev lag luam ua rau lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm txheej ntau dua 30% hauv qhov chaw sab nraum zoov hnyav.Cov chaw tsim khoom siv av nplaum vam khom peb cov hmoov talc los ua kom cov txheej txheem tsim khoom zoo dua thiab txhim kho cov khoom zoo. Thaum ntxiv rau cov av nplaum av nplaum, nws txo qhov kub ntawm kev hlawv los ntawm 50–100 ° C, txo kev siv hluav taws xob thiab txo qhov kev ntxhov siab thermal ntawm cov khoom tiav. Qhov no txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg thiab txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig - qhov tseem ceeb rau cov vuas ceramic, cov khoom siv huv, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Peb cov hmoov talc kuj ua rau cov av nplaum dawb thiab ci ntsa iab, tshem tawm qhov xav tau cov neeg sawv cev dawb ntxiv thiab tsim kom muaj qhov tiav zoo nkauj dua.Kev tswj xyuas zoo yog muab tso rau hauv txhua theem ntawm peb cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Peb tau txais cov talc nyoos los ntawm cov chaw tso nyiaj siab hauv Liaoning thiab Shandong, Suav teb—cov cheeb tsam paub zoo rau talc nrog cov hlau tsawg, calcium, thiab cov hlau hnyav. Cov hlau nyoos raug tsoo, sib tsoo, thiab ntxuav los ntawm kev sib cais sib nqus thiab ua npuas dej kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv. Txhua pawg raug kuaj siv cov tshuab ntsuas qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers, thiab cov ntsuas dawb kom ntseeg tau tias ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam. Peb cov hmoov talc qib kev lag luam ua tau raws li ISO 9001, REACH, thiab RoHS daim ntawv pov thawj, kom ntseeg tau tias nws ua raws li cov cai thoob ntiaj teb.Kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev xa khoom yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm peb cov kev pabcuam. Peb khaws cov khoom muag hauv cov tsev khaws khoom thoob plaws Suav teb, kom ntseeg tau tias lub sijhawm xa khoom yog 7-10 hnub rau feem ntau cov xaj. Cov khoom raug ntim rau hauv 25kg kraft hnab lossis 1000kg hnab loj, nrog rau kev xaiv rau kev sau npe tshwj xeeb. Peb ua txhua daim ntawv pov thawj xa khoom tawm, suav nrog daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas (COA) thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm kev lis kev cai, ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem xa khoom rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv Tebchaws Europe, North America, thiab Southeast Asia.Peb cov hmoov talc qib kev lag luam tau tsom mus rau qhov zoo, kev hloov kho kom haum rau koj tus kheej, thiab kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom, thiab nws tau dhau los ua ib qho kev xaiv uas cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb ntseeg siab. Nws ua tau zoo tas li, txuag tau nyiaj, thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo - ua rau nws yog ib yam khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem kev lag luam niaj hnub no. -
Xuab Zeb Muaj Xim Rau Aquarium Thiab Terrarium Landscaping: Tsim Cov Chaw Nyob Ntuj, Muaj Zog Rau Cov Tsiaj Hauv Dej Thiab Hauv Av
Cov neeg nyiam ua si hauv thoob dej yug ntses thiab terrarium nrhiav ntau txoj hauv kev los tsim cov chaw nyob ntuj, zoo nkauj rau lawv cov tsiaj - los ntawm ntses thiab cw mus rau cov tsiaj reptiles thiab amphibians. Xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj tau dhau los ua kev xaiv nrov rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj rau cov chaw no, muab cov khoom siv nyab xeeb, zoo li ntuj uas ua rau qhov chaw nyob zoo nkauj dua thaum txhawb nqa kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tsiaj. Tsis zoo li cov khoom siv hluavtaws uas yuav tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lossis cuam tshuam cov dej, cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj zoo yog inert, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab ua raws li cov chaw ib puag ncig ntuj ntawm cov tsiaj hauv dej thiab hauv av, ua rau nws haum rau ntau yam chaw kaw.Rau cov thoob dej yug ntses, cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj ua lub hauv paus ua haujlwm thiab kho kom zoo nkauj uas txhawb nqa cov tsiaj hauv dej thaum txhim kho lub tank qhov tsos. Cov ntses zoo li cichlids (uas nyob hauv cov pas dej pob zeb, xuab zeb hauv Africa) lossis tetras (los ntawm Amazonian cov dej nrog hauv qab xuab zeb) vam meej hauv cov chaw uas muaj xuab zeb substrates, vim nws tso cai rau lawv los ntawm cov xuab zeb rau zaub mov lossis tsim cov zes. Cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj rau cov thoob dej yug ntses tau ua tib zoo ua kom tsis muaj zog - nws tsis hloov pauv dej pH, hardness, lossis ammonia theem, ua kom muaj ib puag ncig ruaj khov rau cov ntses. Ib qho kev xaiv rau cov thoob dej yug ntses dej tshiab yog cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj zoo li ntuj hauv cov xim beige, tan, lossis xim av daj, uas ua raws li cov ntug dej lossis hauv qab pas dej qhov twg ntau hom ntses pib. Txawm li cas los xij, cov xim ci ntsa iab dua xws li xiav lossis ntsuab kuj siv rau hauv cov thoob dej yug ntses kho kom zoo nkauj - ib tus neeg nyiam ua si hauv Los Angeles tau tsim lub thoob dej yug ntses "coral reef" siv cov xuab zeb xiav muaj yeeb yuj ua lub hauv paus, ua ke nrog cov ntses coral dag thiab cov ntses tropical, ua rau muaj kev pom zoo nkauj uas yeej qhov kev sib tw thoob dej yug ntses hauv zos.Cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj kuj pab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv dej thiab cov tsiaj tsis muaj pob txha. Cov nroj tsuag hauv dej xws li Amazon ntaj lossis Java ferns yooj yim cag hauv cov xuab zeb substrates, uas tso cai rau lawv cov cag nthuav dav thiab nqus cov as-ham. Tsis zoo li cov xuab zeb, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hauv paus loj hlob thiab txwv tsis pub cov hauv paus loj hlob, xuab zeb muab ib puag ncig xoob, muaj qhov uas txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag noj qab haus huv. Cov tsiaj tsis muaj pob txha xws li cw lossis snails kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj - lawv lim cov xuab zeb kom nrhiav tau algae lossis cov khoom noj seem, thiab cov khoom du tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau lawv cov exoskeletons mos. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm ib pawg neeg tshawb fawb hauv dej pom tias cw khaws cia hauv cov xuab zeb substrates muaj 25% ntau dua li cov nyob hauv cov xuab zeb, vim yog cov xuab zeb cov qauv mos mos thiab muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa cov cwj pwm nrhiav zaub mov ntuj.Rau cov terrariums uas muaj cov tsiaj reptiles (xws li cov zaj bearded lossis cov tsov ntxhuav geckos) lossis cov amphibians (xws li cov qav lossis salamanders), cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj tsim cov substrate naturalistic uas txhawb nqa lawv cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Cov tsiaj reptiles nyob hauv hav zoov, xws li cov zaj bearded, xav tau cov substrate xuab zeb uas ua raws li lawv qhov chaw nyob qhuav - xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj hauv cov xim daj, txiv kab ntxwv, lossis xim av daj yog qhov zoo tagnrho, vim nws tso cai rau cov tsiaj reptiles kom khawb av (tus cwj pwm ntuj uas pab lawv tswj qhov kub ntawm lub cev). Cov xuab zeb qhov loj me (1-3 hli) yog me txaus kom tso cai rau khawb av tab sis loj txaus kom tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam (qhov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv uas cov tsiaj reptiles noj cov substrate, ua rau kev zom zaub mov tsis zoo). Ib tus neeg yug tsiaj reptile hauv Miami siv cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj txiv kab ntxwv hauv lawv cov terrariums: cov xuab zeb tsis yog tsuas yog zoo li Australian outback (qhov chaw nyob ntuj ntawm cov zaj bearded) tab sis kuj txhawb kom cov zaj khawb av, ua rau cov tsiaj noj qab haus huv zoo dua, ua haujlwm ntau dua.Cov chaw ua si Amphibian terrariums, uas xav tau cov av noo ntau dua, kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj - thaum sib xyaw nrog cov fiber txiv maj phaub lossis sphagnum moss, nws tsim cov khoom siv uas khaws cov dej noo uas txhawb nqa cov tsiaj xws li cov qav dart lossis axolotls. Cov xuab zeb qhov xwm txheej inert tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev tso tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntub dej, thiab nws cov xim tuaj yeem xaiv kom phim lub ntsiab lus ntawm terrarium - ib tus neeg nyiam ua si tau tsim lub terrarium "rainforest floor" rau cov qav dart siv cov xuab zeb ntsuab tsaus thiab xim av muaj yeeb yuj, ua ke nrog cov nroj tsuag muaj sia thiab moss, tsim ib qho chaw nyob uas zoo ib yam li cov qav qhov chaw sov ntuj.Thaum xaiv cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj rau cov thoob dej yug ntses lossis terrariums, kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj cov hlau hnyav, cov xim pleev xim, lossis cov tshuaj uas yuav ua rau cov tsiaj txhu raug mob - nrhiav cov khoom uas ua tau raws li cov qauv zoo li CPSC cov lus qhia kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom ua si (txawm tias nws tsis yog cov khoom ua si, cov qauv no ua kom muaj kev lom tsawg) lossis cov ntawv pov thawj tshwj xeeb rau cov thoob dej yug ntses los ntawm cov koom haum xws li Global Aquaculture Alliance. Cov xuab zeb kuj tseem yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab yaug kom huv si kom tshem tawm cov hmoov av lossis cov khib nyiab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov dej hauv thoob dej yug ntses lossis ua rau daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov tsiaj reptiles khaus. Rau cov thoob dej yug ntses, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv cov xuab zeb uas "aqua-safe" - kuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias nws tsis yaj lossis leach cov zaub mov rau hauv dej. Rau terrariums, cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tiv taus cua sov, vim tias ntau lub tsev tsiaj reptiles siv cov teeb kub uas tuaj yeem ua rau kub txog 30-40 ° C.Kev saib xyuas cov xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj yooj yim thiab ncaj nraim. Hauv cov thoob dej yug ntses, cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tau nqus tsev tas li (siv lub tshuab nqus tsev xuab zeb nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev maj mam) kom tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm ammonia. Cov xuab zeb tsis tas yuav hloov pauv ntau zaus - nrog kev saib xyuas kom zoo, nws tuaj yeem kav ntev li 2-3 xyoos. Hauv terrariums, cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tau ntxuav qhov chaw txhua hnub kom tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, thiab tag nrho cov substrate yuav tsum tau hloov pauv txhua 6-12 lub hlis kom tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov kab mob lossis pwm. Rau cov tsiaj reptiles terrariums hauv hav zoov, cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tau lim txhua hli kom tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab tswj nws cov qauv xoob.Hauv kev xaus lus, xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj tau dhau los ua ib qho chaw siv tau ntau yam thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev ua vaj zaub hauv thoob dej yug ntses thiab terrarium, txhim kho qhov zoo nkauj ntawm cov chaw nkaum thaum txhawb nqa kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev coj cwj pwm ntawm cov tsiaj hauv dej thiab hauv av. Raws li ntau tus neeg nyiam ua si qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov chaw nyob ntuj, xuab zeb muaj yeeb yuj muab txoj hauv kev los tsim cov chaw zoo nkauj, ua haujlwm tau zoo uas ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau hom tsiaj. -
Mica Flakes Hloov Pauv Kev Lag Luam Roj Hmab Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo
Cov mica flakes, nrog lawv cov qauv lamellar sib txawv, kev ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg zoo heev, thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog cov roj hmab matrices, tau tsim lawv tus kheej ua cov khoom siv ua haujlwm siab hauv kev lag luam roj hmab. Tsis zoo li cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj xws li carbon dub lossis calcium carbonate, mica flakes muab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev txhawb nqa tshuab, kev tiv thaiv huab cua, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov ntev, ua rau lawv yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv roj hmab ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw nyuaj, suav nrog cov foob tsheb, cov yeeb nkab roj hmab kev lag luam, thiab cov siv conveyor.
Hauv kev siv cov roj hmab foob rau tsheb, xws li cov foob qhov rooj, cov foob qhov rai, thiab cov gasket cav, cov mica flakes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kua muag thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv compression. Cov foob no raug kev nyuaj siab ntau zaus, kev hloov pauv kub ntau heev txij li -40 ° C txog 120 ° C, thiab kev raug hluav taws xob UV ntev, cov yam uas ua rau cov foob roj hmab ib txwm tawg, tawv, lossis poob elasticity dhau sijhawm.
Qhov ntxiv 8%-15% ntawm cov mica flakes uas muaj qhov sib piv siab, nrog rau qhov loj me ntawm 30-80 μm thiab qhov sib piv ntawm ≥100, rau ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) roj hmab ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo kawg nkaus. Lub zog rhuav ntawm cov roj hmab nce ntxiv 40%-60%, thaum qhov nrawm ntawm kev teeb tsa, ntsuas tom qab 70 teev ntawm 100 ° C, poob qis heev los ntawm 35% mus rau 15%. Ib lub tuam txhab tsim khoom siv tsheb hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees tau ua qhov kev sim ntau yam siv peb cov mica flakes hauv EPDM qhov rooj foob. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo kawg nkaus: cov foob tseem khaws lawv cov elasticity thiab kev ua haujlwm sealing rau 500,000 qhib thiab kaw voj voog, piv rau tsuas yog 300,000 voj voog rau cov foob tsis muaj mica flakes. Lub neej ua haujlwm ntev no tsis yog tsuas yog txo cov nqi kho rau cov tswv tsheb xwb tab sis kuj txhim kho kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv tsheb.
Rau cov kav dej roj hmab siv rau kev xa cov tshuaj, roj, thiab dej, cov mica flakes yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv tshuaj thiab kev tiv thaiv siab. Cov kav dej no feem ntau kov cov xov xwm corrosive thiab yuav tsum tiv taus qhov siab sab hauv siab txog li 10 MPa. Mica flakes, nrog lawv cov qauv lamellar tsis nkag tau, tsim cov khoom thaiv zoo hauv cov roj hmab matrix, txo qhov nkag ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm 50% -70%.Thaum ntxiv rau cov roj hmab nitrile (NBR) cov kav dej ntawm qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm 10% -20%, mica flakes ua rau lub zog tawg ntawm cov kav dej nce ntxiv 25% -35% thiab ntev nws lub neej kev pabcuam hauv kev siv roj hloov pauv los ntawm 1 xyoos mus rau 2-3 xyoos. Ib lub Hoobkas tshuaj lom neeg hauv Netherlands tau muab peb cov kav dej NBR uas muaj mica-reinforced rau qhov kev sim hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm 20% concentrated sulfuric acid. Cov txiaj ntsig tau xaus lus: tom qab 12 lub hlis ntawm kev siv tas mus li, cov kav dej tsis qhia txog qhov o lossis xau, thaum cov kav dej NBR txheem tsis ua haujlwm tom qab tsuas yog 4 lub hlis. Tsis tas li ntawd, mica flakes txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov kav dej roj hmab, txo qhov shrinkage thaum lub sijhawm vulcanization los ntawm 15% -25% thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias haum nrog cov khoom sib txuas.Tag nrho peb cov mica flakes ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam nruj heev hauv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas kev siv tshuab. Cov dej noo yog ≤0.3%, tshauv cov ntsiab lus ≤0.5%, roj nqus ≤25 mL / 100g, thiab lawv ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kub zoo heev, tseem ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub txog li 600 ° C. Ntxiv mus, peb cov khoom ua raws li RoHS thiab REACH cov cai, nrog cov hlau hnyav cov ntsiab lus qis dua cov kev nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb (lead ≤0.0005%, arsenic ≤0.0003%).Thaum nws los txog rau kev xa khoom, peb qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov zoo thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm peb cov khoom. Peb cov mica flakes tau ntim rau hauv cov hnab tiv thaiv dej noo (25 kg / hnab), uas muaj ib zaj duab xis polyethylene sab hauv thiab ib lub hnab ntawv kraft sab nraud kom tiv thaiv kev nqus dej noo thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv. Peb tau tsim kev koom tes zoo nrog cov tuam txhab xa khoom xws li Maersk thiab COSCO, kom ntseeg tau tias kev xa khoom raws sijhawm rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv Tebchaws Europe, North America, thiab Southeast Asia hauv 15-30 hnub.
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Hmoov av diatomaceous rau kev lag luam tiv thaiv ib puag ncig kho cov ntxhiab tsw thiab cov organic sib xyaw ua ke uas haum rau cov roj khib nyiab thiab kev kho dej khib nyiab
Nrog rau kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb, kev kho cov roj khib nyiab thiab cov dej khib nyiab tau dhau los ua ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab lag luam kom ua tiav kev txhim kho ntsuab. Kev tshem tawm cov ntxhiab tsw thiab cov organic sib xyaw (VOCs) hauv cov roj khib nyiab, nrog rau kev nqus cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov dej khib nyiab, tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuab. Cov hmoov av diatomaceous adsorption siab (diatomite hmoov) tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv tiv thaiv ib puag ncig zoo tshaj plaws vim nws thaj chaw loj, muaj peev xwm nqus tau zoo, thiab cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom ntuj, thiab siv dav hauv kev kho cov roj khib nyiab, kev kho cov dej khib nyiab, thiab kev pov tseg cov khib nyiab khov.
Hauv kev kho cov roj pov tseg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev kho cov roj pov tseg kev lag luam uas muaj VOCs (xws li kev luam ntawv, pleev xim, thiab kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg), hmoov av diatomaceous tuaj yeem nqus cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo. Cov qauv porous ntawm hmoov diatomite muaj ntau qhov chaw adsorption, uas tuaj yeem ntes cov VOC molecules los ntawm van der Waals rog thiab electrostatic attraction. Tom qab hloov kho qhov chaw ntawm hmoov av diatomaceous (xws li kev thauj cov pa roj carbon activated, titanium dioxide, thiab lwm yam), nws lub peev xwm adsorption rau VOCs tuaj yeem txhim kho ntxiv. Piv txwv li, piv txwv li, lub rooj cob qhia pleev xim ntawm lub Hoobkas tsim tsheb, cov roj pov tseg muaj ntau benzene, toluene, thiab xylene. Tom qab dhau cov roj pov tseg los ntawm lub txaj lim dej uas muaj cov hmoov av diatomaceous hloov kho, qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm benzene, toluene, thiab xylene tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 90%, thiab qhov concentration ntawm VOCs hauv cov roj pov tseg kho qis dua tus qauv tso pa tawm hauv tebchaws (≤80 mg / m³). Piv nrog rau cov pa roj carbon uas tau ua kom cov av noo, cov hmoov av diatomaceous muaj qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi qis, lub neej ntev (lub sijhawm nqus dej yog 2-3 npaug ntawm cov pa roj carbon uas tau ua kom cov av noo), thiab yooj yim rov ua dua tshiab (tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab los ntawm kev cua sov ntawm 300-400 ° C, thiab lub peev xwm nqus tau tuaj yeem rov qab los ntau dua 85% tom qab rov ua dua tshiab).Hauv kev kho cov pa roj pov tseg uas muaj ntxhiab tsw (xws li cov chaw kho cov khib nyiab, cov chaw kho dej phwj, thiab cov chaw ua liaj ua teb), hmoov av diatomaceous kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev tshem tawm ntxhiab tsw. Cov tshuaj tsw qab feem ntau suav nrog ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, thiab mercaptans. Cov qauv porous ntawm hmoov diatomite tuaj yeem nqus cov molecules tsw qab no, thiab cov pab pawg alkaline lossis acidic ua haujlwm ntawm nws qhov chaw (tom qab hloov kho) tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj tsw qab kom rhuav tshem lawv mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tsis muaj teeb meem. Lub chaw kho cov khib nyiab hauv lub nroog ntug dej hiav txwv siv lub tshuab tshem tawm ntxhiab tsw raws li hmoov av diatomaceous. Tom qab kev teeb tsa, qhov concentration ntawm ntxhiab tsw nyob ib puag ncig lub Hoobkas tau txo qis los ntawm 5000 OU / m³ mus rau tsawg dua 200 OU / m³, uas qis dua tus qauv hauv tebchaws (≤400 OU / m³), thiab cov lus tsis txaus siab los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze tau txo qis 90%. Tib lub sijhawm, cov hmoov av diatomaceous siv hauv lub tshuab tshem tawm ntxhiab tsw tuaj yeem rov siv dua tom qab rov tsim dua, txo cov khib nyiab khov kho tsim.Hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab, hmoov av diatomaceous uas muaj cov dej noo ntau tuaj yeem siv los kho cov dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam uas muaj cov pa phem organic (xws li cov dej khib nyiab luam ntawv thiab zas xim, cov dej khib nyiab tshuaj lom neeg). Cov dej khib nyiab luam ntawv thiab zas xim muaj ntau cov xim thiab cov khoom pabcuam, uas muaj chroma thiab COD siab, thiab nyuaj rau degrade. Ntxiv 2-5% hmoov av diatomaceous rau cov dej khib nyiab tuaj yeem nqus cov xim thiab cov organic hauv dej. Kev sim qhia tau tias tus nqi tshem tawm chroma ntawm cov dej khib nyiab luam ntawv thiab zas xim tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 95%, thiab tus nqi tshem tawm COD tuaj yeem ncav cuag 60-80%. Piv nrog cov tshuaj coagulants ib txwm muaj (xws li txhuas sulfate), hmoov av diatomaceous tsis muaj kuab paug thib ob (tsis muaj txhuas ion residue), thiab cov sludge tsim tom qab kho yog yooj yim dehydrate thiab tuaj yeem siv ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev tom qab kho tsis muaj teeb meem. Lub Hoobkas luam ntawv thiab zas xim hauv Zhejiang siv hmoov av diatomaceous los kho nws cov dej khib nyiab. Tom qab kho, cov dej khib nyiab tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab rau kev tsim khoom (tom qab kev kho mob ntxiv), txo cov dej siv ntawm lub Hoobkas los ntawm 30% thiab txuag ntau cov nqi dej.Peb cov hmoov av diatomaceous uas nqus tau zoo rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig muaj ntau hom khoom, suav nrog hmoov, granular, thiab extruded. Cov hmoov (100-800 mesh) yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kho dej khib nyiab thiab cov pej thuam adsorption roj pov tseg; cov granular (1-5 mm) yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem adsorption ruaj khov hauv kev kho roj pov tseg; cov extruded (5-10 mm) yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov haujlwm kho roj pov tseg loj nrog cov pa cua ntau. Cov cim qhia tseem ceeb ntawm peb cov khoom yog: thaj chaw tshwj xeeb ≥200 m²/g, qhov ntim ntawm qhov pore ≥0.8 cm³/g, muaj peev xwm adsorption rau methylene xiav ≥15 mL/0.1g, thiab cov dej noo ≤3%. Peb kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab cov khoom hmoov av diatomaceous hloov kho raws li cov neeg siv khoom cov khoom kho tshwj xeeb, xws li cov hmoov diatomite uas muaj cov pa roj carbon activated (rau VOCs adsorption), cov hmoov diatomite uas muaj titanium dioxide (rau kev rhuav tshem cov pa phem organic), thiab cov hmoov diatomite alkaline (rau kev adsorption hydrogen sulfide).Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, peb siv cov thev naus laus zis ua kom muaj zog los txhim kho lub peev xwm nqus ntawm cov hmoov av diatomaceous. Cov txheej txheem ua kom muaj zog suav nrog kev ua kom muaj kua qaub (siv cov kua qaub sulfuric los txiav cov nplaim ntawm cov khoom me me diatomite, ua rau muaj ntau qhov hws) thiab kev ua kom muaj cua sov (calcining ntawm qhov kub siab kom tshem tawm cov organic impurities hauv cov qhov hws thiab nthuav qhov loj ntawm qhov hws). Cov hmoov av diatomaceous uas ua kom muaj zog muaj thaj chaw tshwj xeeb nce ntxiv 30-50% piv rau cov hlau qub, thiab lub peev xwm nqus tau zoo dua qub. Txhua pawg khoom yuav raug kuaj lub peev xwm nqus (siv cov kua methylene xiav ua cov adsorbate) thiab kuaj cov qauv qhov hws (siv cov khoom ntsuas thaj chaw tshwj xeeb), kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
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Tourmaline Hmoov Muaj Adsorbent rau Kev Kho Mob Roj Khib Nyhiab Tshem Tawm Cov Khoom Siv Organic Volatile Odor Control High Adsorption Peev Xwm
Cov pa roj pov tseg hauv kev lag luam—uas muaj cov organic compounds (VOCs) xws li benzene, toluene, thiab formaldehyde, nrog rau cov tshuaj tsw qab xws li hydrogen sulfide—ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj rau ib puag ncig thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Cov txheej txheem kho cov pa roj pov tseg ib txwm muaj, xws li kev hlawv thiab kev ntxuav tshuaj, kim heev thiab tsim kom muaj kuab paug thib ob, thaum cov pa roj carbon activated adsorbents muaj peev xwm nqus tau tsawg thiab xav tau hloov pauv ntau zaus. Hmoov Tourmaline, uas yog cov khoom siv nqus dej uas muaj porosity siab thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw, daws cov teeb meem no, muab kev daws teeb meem zoo thiab pheej yig rau kev kho cov pa roj pov tseg hauv kev lag luam xws li kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg, kev luam ntawv, thiab kev pleev xim.Lub peev xwm nqus tau ntawm cov hmoov tourmaline rau VOCs thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab yog los ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw. Cov hmoov no muaj lub network ntawm micro- (2-5 nm) thiab mesopores (5-50 nm) uas muab thaj chaw loj tshwj xeeb (20-35 m² / g), uas tso cai rau kev sib cuag nrog cov roj pov tseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw ntawm tourmaline muaj ntau pawg hydroxyl (-OH) thiab electrostatic them chaw, uas tsim cov khoom sib txuas ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj nrog VOCs thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab. Piv txwv li, cov hmoov tourmaline nqus tau 150-200 mg / g ntawm benzene (ib qho VOC feem ntau) thiab 80-100 mg / g ntawm hydrogen sulfide (ib qho roj tsw qab), ntau dua li lub peev xwm nqus tau ntawm cov pa roj carbon ua haujlwm (100-120 mg / g rau benzene, 50-60 mg / g rau hydrogen sulfide). Lub peev xwm siab no txo qhov zaus ntawm kev hloov pauv adsorbent, txiav cov nqi ua haujlwm los ntawm 30-40% piv rau cov tshuab ua haujlwm carbon.Kev tshem tawm VOC zoo yog qhov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo tseem ceeb rau kev kho cov roj pov tseg hauv kev lag luam, thiab hmoov tourmaline muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Hauv lub Hoobkas tshuaj kho cov roj pov tseg uas muaj benzene (kev sib xyaw 500-800 mg / m³), lub pej thuam adsorption raws li tourmaline tau ua tiav qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm 95-98%, txo cov pa phem kom qis dua 20 mg / m³ (ua tau raws li tus qauv GB 31571-2015 ntawm Tuam Tshoj). Rau cov chaw luam ntawv thiab pleev xim, uas tsim cov pa phem formaldehyde thiab toluene, hmoov tourmaline tshem tawm 90-93% ntawm cov VOCs no, tshem tawm "ntxhiab pleev xim" cuam tshuam nrog cov lag luam no. Cov hmoov adsorption zoo tseem ruaj khov txawm tias ntawm cov nqi roj ntws sib txawv (1-3 m / s) thiab qhov kub (20-80 ° C), ua rau nws haum rau ntau qhov chaw lag luam.Kev tswj cov ntxhiab tsw yog lwm qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm hmoov tourmaline hauv kev kho cov pa roj pov tseg. Cov tshuaj tsw qab xws li hydrogen sulfide (ntxhiab qe lwj) thiab ammonia (ntxhiab tsw qab) feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv cov pa roj pov tseg los ntawm kev ua zaub mov (kev lag luam tsis yog zaub mov tsom mus rau kev ntim khoom / kev tsim khoom) thiab cov chaw tsim tshuaj lom neeg. Lub peev xwm ntawm Tourmaline los nqus cov tshuaj no tsis yog tsuas yog txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig xwb tab sis kuj txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm huab cua hauv chaw ua haujlwm, txo cov lus tsis txaus siab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev pheej hmoo kev noj qab haus huv. Ib lub Hoobkas tshuaj lom neeg Suav uas siv cov tshuaj tourmaline adsorbents tau tshaj tawm tias muaj kev txo qis 90% ntawm cov lus tsis txaus siab ntawm cov zej zog nyob ze, vim tias cov hmoov txo cov pa hydrogen sulfide los ntawm 100 mg / m³ mus rau <5 mg / m³. Tsis tas li ntawd, tourmaline tsis tso cov ntxhiab tsw txawm tias raug rau qhov kub thiab txias nruab nrab, ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev tswj cov ntxhiab tsw mus sij hawm ntev.Qhov zoo ntawm cov hmoov tourmaline yog qhov ua kom rov ua dua tshiab dua li cov adsorbents ib txwm muaj. Tom qab adsorption saturation, cov hmoov tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab los ntawm kev kho cua sov (150-200 ° C) lossis steam stripping, uas desorbs cov VOCs adsorbed thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab. Tsis zoo li cov pa roj carbon activated, uas poob 20-30% ntawm nws lub peev xwm adsorption tom qab txhua lub voj voog rov ua dua tshiab, tourmaline khaws cia 85-90% ntawm nws lub peev xwm pib tom qab 8-10 lub voj voog. Qhov no txuas ntxiv lub neej ntawm cov adsorbent los ntawm 3-6 lub hlis (activated carbon) mus rau 12-18 lub hlis (tourmaline), txo cov khib nyiab thiab cov nqi hloov pauv. Cov VOCs desorbed kuj tseem tuaj yeem rov qab tau thiab rov siv dua hauv cov txheej txheem kev lag luam (piv txwv li, benzene rov qab hauv cov nroj tsuag tshuaj), tsim cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntxiv.Kev ruaj khov ntawm tshuaj lom neeg ua kom cov hmoov tourmaline ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv cov chaw muaj roj khib nyiab hnyav. Nws tiv taus cov pa roj acidic thiab alkaline (pH 2-12), ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev kho cov roj khib nyiab los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj kua qaub (piv txwv li, kev tsim cov kua qaub sulfuric) thiab cov txheej txheem alkaline (piv txwv li, kev tsim cov ammonia). Cov hmoov tsis yaj lossis tso cov hlau hnyav rau hauv ib puag ncig, ua tau raws li cov qauv ib puag ncig nruj xws li EU's Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) thiab US EPA's Clean Air Act. Qhov kev ruaj khov no kuj txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov adsorbent, ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam dhau sijhawm.Kev sib haum nrog cov txheej txheem kho roj khib nyiab sib txawv ua rau hmoov tourmaline siv tau ntau yam. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov tsev nqus dej ruaj khov (rau cov kwj roj qis), cov tshuab reactors fluidized-bed (rau cov kwj dej siab), thiab cov txheej txheem nqus dej membrane (rau kev tshem tawm VOC kom meej). Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog lwm cov adsorbents xws li zeolite los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb - piv txwv li, kev sib xyaw ua ke tourmaline nrog zeolite txhim kho kev tshem tawm ammonia los ntawm 10-15%. Rau cov chaw me me (piv txwv li, cov khw luam ntawv me me), hmoov tourmaline tuaj yeem ntim rau hauv cov chav nqus dej portable, muab cov kev daws teeb meem compact, pheej yig.Cov kev xaiv kho kom haum rau ntau yam kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam. Cov neeg muag khoom muab cov hmoov tourmaline nrog cov qauv pore sib txawv: qib micro-pore-nplua nuj (rau cov VOCs me me xws li formaldehyde) thiab qib meso-pore-nplua nuj (rau cov VOCs loj xws li toluene). Cov qib zoo (5-10 μm) siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem membrane kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib cuag ntawm cov pa roj sib npaug, thaum cov qib ntxhib dua (20-30 μm) zoo tagnrho rau cov tsev pheeb suab ruaj khov kom tiv thaiv kev poob siab. Cov qib siab-purity (95%+ tourmaline cov ntsiab lus) yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov lag luam rhiab heev xws li kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob (cov kev xav tau VOC qis), thaum cov qib pheej yig (80-90% cov ntsiab lus) haum rau kev siv hauv kev lag luam dav dav.Cov ntaub ntawv siv tau ua pov thawj tias hmoov tourmaline muaj nqis npaum li cas. Ib lub chaw luam ntawv hauv tebchaws Yelemes tau hloov nws lub tshuab ua pa roj carbon uas siv lub tshuab nqus dej tourmaline, txo cov pa phem VOC los ntawm 92% thiab txiav cov nqi nqus dej txhua xyoo los ntawm € 30,000. Ib lub Hoobkas tshuaj lom neeg hauv Suav teb uas siv cov tshuaj nqus dej tourmaline rau kev kho hydrogen sulfide tau ncua lub sijhawm hloov cov tshuaj nqus dej los ntawm 4 lub hlis mus rau 16 lub hlis, txo cov nqi pov tseg pov tseg los ntawm 75%. Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia txog cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig ntawm hmoov tourmaline, ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.Rau cov tub lag luam txawv teb chaws, kev txhawb nqa hmoov tourmaline ua cov khoom siv adsorbent hauv kev lag luam yuav tsum tau hais txog lub peev xwm adsorption, kev rov ua dua tshiab, thiab kev ua raws li cov qauv ib puag ncig. Kev muab cov ntaub ntawv xeem los ntawm cov chaw kuaj ib puag ncig (piv txwv li, SGS, EPA-pom zoo cov chaw kuaj) txheeb xyuas cov nqi tshem tawm VOC thiab kev ua haujlwm rov ua dua tshiab tsim kev ntseeg siab. Kev hais txog kev txuag nqi los ntawm kev txo qis kev hloov pauv thiab pov tseg pov tseg nyiam cov chaw lag luam uas xav tau tus nqi. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev muab kev tsim qauv adsorption (piv txwv li, qhov loj ntawm lub pej thuam, kev thauj hmoov) pab cov neeg siv khoom koom ua ke cov hmoov rau hauv lawv cov txheej txheem kho cov roj pov tseg uas twb muaj lawm.Kev xa khoom thiab kev txhawb nqa kev ua raws li txoj cai yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev muag khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Cov hmoov Tourmaline yuav tsum tau ntim rau hauv cov thawv kaw, tiv thaiv plua plav kom tiv thaiv cov khoom tawg thaum lub sijhawm xa khoom - 25kg hnab ntawv nrog cov PE sab hauv yog tus qauv, thaum 1-tuj hnab loj haum rau cov xaj loj hauv kev lag luam. Kev muab TDS thiab SDS ua lus Askiv ua kom ntseeg tau tias ua raws li cov cai tswjfwm kev xa khoom (piv txwv li, EU REACH, US EPA). Kev muab kev txhawb nqa kev siv tshuab, xws li kev taw qhia txog kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab cov sijhawm hloov pauv adsorbent, txhim kho kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab kev koom tes ntev.Hauv kev xaus lus, lub peev xwm nqus tau zoo ntawm hmoov tourmaline, kev tshem tawm VOC zoo, kev tswj tsw phem, kev rov ua dua tshiab, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm tshuaj lom neeg ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv nqus dej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kho cov roj pov tseg. Nws cov nqi tsim nyog, kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau lub tshuab, thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv tau ua pov thawj ua rau nws yog cov khoom zoo heev rau cov tub luam txawv teb chaws uas tsom mus rau kev lag luam xws li kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg, kev luam ntawv, thiab kev pleev xim. Los ntawm kev hais txog cov txiaj ntsig no, cov lag luam tuaj yeem ua lag luam hmoov tourmaline rau cov neeg siv khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb uas tab tom nrhiav kev daws teeb meem kho cov roj pov tseg zoo thiab ruaj khov.
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Cov Xim Hlau Oxide rau Cov Khoom Siv Ceramic Glazes Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj Pobzeb Kub Siab Kev Ruaj Ntseg Xim Sib Xws Kev Txhim Kho Xim Tsis Muaj Qhov Tsis Zoo
Cov xim hlau oxide yog cov xim tsis muaj zog uas tau los ntawm cov hlau oxides. Lawv muaj ntau yam xim, suav nrog liab, daj, thiab dub, ua tsaug rau cov xeev oxidation sib txawv ntawm hlau. Cov xim no ruaj khov heev, tiv taus UV hluav taws xob, huab cua, thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Siv dav hauv cov xim pleev xim, txheej txheej, yas, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, lawv tsis tsuas yog muab cov xim nplua nuj, ntev xwb tab sis kuj txhim kho cov khoom ruaj khov, ua rau lawv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom niaj hnub.
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Huabang cenosphere rau kev lag luam roj av pipeline drilling av nkos cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke
Cenosphere yog ib yam khoom siv hmoov uas tsis yog hlau uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv. Nws muaj lub cheeb ntawm 50-850 microns thiab nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog tsim los ntawm silicon dioxide (SiO2) thiab txhuas oxide (Al2O3). Nws cov tsos yog greyish dawb lossis grey, xoob thiab zoo hauv fluidity. Hauv qab lub tshuab microscope yog lub cev pob tshab nyiaj-dawb, hollow, nrog lub plhaub sab nraud tawv, me me ntawm cov roj inert ntawm N2 lossis CO2 hauv lub pob!
Nws muaj cov khoom me me, khoob, lub teeb yuag, lub zog siab, hnav tsis kam, kub tsis kam, rwb thaiv tsev thermal,
Kev rwb thaiv tsev thiab hluav taws kub retardant thiab lwm yam haujlwm, dav siv hauv roj cementing, engineering plastics, xim pleev xim, rwb thaiv tsev risers, thiab lwm yam.yam khoomtus nqiQhov chaw keeb kwmHeibe, Suav tebDuabPob HmoovCov ntsiab lus SiO2 (%)61.5%Cov ntsiab lus Al2O3 (%)34.6%Cov ntsiab lus MgO (%)0.78%Cov ntsiab lus CaO (%)1.29%Kev ua kom tsis kub (Degree)1770° < Refractoriness < 2000°Cov ntsiab lus CrO (%)1% - 2%Cov Ntsiab Lus SiC (%)0Xim Dawb; Grey; thiab lwm yam Lub Npe HomHBTus nqi ntab95%Kev SivKev rwb thaiv tsev rau roj avLwm lub npeCov hlaws dai ntabXimDawb GreyLoj40-100meshNtim khoom25kg / hnab, Kho cov ntim khoom raws li koj xav tauChaw nres nkojTianjinMOQ1KgLub sijhawm xa khoom7-15 hnub
