Cov hmoov av diatomaceous yog los ntawm cov pob zeb me me uas hu ua diatoms uas tau tuag lawm. Cov kab mob me me no, tom qab tuag lawm, lawv poob rau hauv qab dej thiab sib sau ua ke ntau lab xyoo, ua rau cov av nplaum. Cov av nplaum no ces yuav raug ua ntau yam kev ua tib zoo - xws li kev khawb av, kev tsoo, kev ziab, thiab kev sib xyaw - kom hloov mus ua hmoov zoo, sib xws nrog ntau yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Ntawm cov yam ntxwv no, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nws cov qauv porous heev, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov plhaub silica ntawm cov diatoms thaum ub. Cov qauv porous no ua rau muaj thaj chaw loj heev piv rau nws qhov ntim, ib qho tshwj xeeb uas ua rau nws txawv ntawm ntau lwm cov hmoov lag luam. Cov qauv tshwj xeeb no muab cov hmoov nrog lub peev xwm adsorption muaj zog, kev ua haujlwm lim dej zoo, thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj ruaj khov uas tiv taus cov tshuaj feem ntau. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam, vim nws tuaj yeem haum rau hauv ntau yam kev ua haujlwm tsim khoom yam tsis tas yuav hloov kho lossis cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los siv.

Hauv kev lim dej, hmoov av diatomaceous ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb vim nws cov khoom siv porous tshwj xeeb. Nws cov qhov me me ua haujlwm zoo li lub sieve ntuj, ua haujlwm zoo heev, muaj peev xwm ntes cov khoom me me uas raug tshem tawm - qee qhov me me li ob peb micrometers - uas cov lim dej ib txwm, xws li daim ntaub lossis daim ntawv lim, yuav yooj yim plam. Ib qho kev siv tseem ceeb ntawm no yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kho dej: txawm tias kev daws teeb meem nrog cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lossis cov dej nyoos siv hauv kev tsim khoom, ntxiv hmoov av diatomaceous rau hauv dej ua rau nws khi nrog cov khoom tsis huv xws li cov av noo zoo, cov organic residues, thiab txawm tias cov tshuaj lom neeg me me. Thaum cov khoom sib xyaw lossis dhau los ntawm lub lim dej, cov hmoov ntes cov khoom tsis huv no, tawm hauv qab dej ntshiab uas ua tau raws li cov qauv siv kev lag luam nruj. Ntau lub Hoobkas, los ntawm cov chaw ua ntaub mus rau cov chaw tsim tshuaj lom neeg, vam khom cov hmoov no rau kev kho lawv cov dej ua haujlwm, xyuas kom meej tias cov dej siv hauv cov kab ntau lawm tsis muaj cov khoom me me uas tuaj yeem txhaws cov tshuab, khawb cov khoom nto, lossis cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv kev tsim khoom. Dhau li ntawm dej, nws kuj zoo heev hauv kev lim cov kua dej lag luam xws li cov roj lubricating, cov kua hydraulic, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg. Los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov khoom me me ntawm cov kua no, nws tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho qhov huv ntawm cov khoom kawg xwb tab sis kuj ua rau lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv uas siv cov kua no ntev dua.

Cov txheej txheem pleev xim tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm diatomaceous earth hmoov, ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv ntxiv rau hauv cov xim pleev xim rau kev lag luam thiab cov xim pleev kom zoo nkauj. Thaum sib xyaw rau hauv cov xim pleev xim, nws qhov ntxeem tau txhim kho ntau qhov kev ua tau zoo tseem ceeb: nws ua rau lub zog zais ntawm cov txheej pleev xim, txhais tau tias tsawg dua cov txheej pleev xim yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav tag nrho cov nplaim. Nws kuj txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev hnav, ua rau cov nplaim pleev xim ruaj khov dua tiv thaiv kev khawb, kev sib txhuam, thiab kev siv txhua hnub - ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov chaw muaj neeg coob lossis cov txheej pleev xim rau cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hmoov kho qhov sib txuas ntawm cov txheej pleev xim thiab qhov chaw hauv paus, txawm tias qhov chaw ntawd yog hlau, ntoo, lossis pob zeb, txo qhov muaj feem ntawm kev tev tawv, tawg, lossis tawg raws sijhawm. Cov qauv ntxeem tau ntxiv ua kom lub sijhawm qhuav ntawm cov txheej pleev xim sai dua los ntawm kev tso cai rau cov dej noo thiab cov kuab tshuaj kom qhuav sai dua, uas ua rau luv luv cov voj voog tsim khoom rau cov tuam txhab uas siv cov txheej pleev xim rau cov khoom loj. Rau cov txheej pleev xim kom zoo nkauj, xws li cov uas siv hauv kev tsim kho sab hauv, cov hmoov tsim cov xim tiav matte zoo los ntawm kev tawg lub teeb los ntawm nws cov qauv ntxeem tau, zam qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm cov xim ci thiab ua tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau zoo nkauj. Ntxiv mus, cov khoom pleev xim uas muaj hmoov av diatomaceous qhia tau tias muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo dua rau huab cua, suav nrog UV hluav taws xob, nag, thiab qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv, pab cov chaw pleev xim sab nraud kom lawv cov tsos thiab kev tiv thaiv tau ntau xyoo hauv cov chaw sab nraum zoov.

Ua ib yam khoom nqus, hmoov av diatomaceous zoo heev hauv kev ntes ntau yam tsis huv, ntxhiab tsw, thiab cov khoom tsis xav tau, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ntau qhov chaw lag luam. Ib qho kev siv tseem ceeb yog hauv kev kho cov pa roj pov tseg: cov chaw tsim khoom uas tso tawm cov organic sib xyaw, pa luam yeeb, lossis lwm yam pa phem dhau cov pa phem no los ntawm cov lim dej uas muaj hmoov av diatomaceous, uas ntes cov khoom tsis zoo hauv nws cov qhov hws ua ntej cov pa phem raug tso tawm. Qhov no pab cov chaw ua haujlwm ua tau raws li cov qauv tso pa tawm thiab txhim kho huab cua zoo hauv lawv ib puag ncig. Cov hmoov kuj tseem ua haujlwm ua lub tshuab nqus dej noo zoo hauv cov chaw khaws khoom: thaum muab tso rau ntawm cov ntaub xws li ntaub, ntawv, lossis cov khoom hlau, nws nqus cov dej noo ntau dhau los ntawm huab cua, tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm pwm, pwm, thiab xeb uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj. Hauv cov chaw ua roj, nws yog siv los nqus cov roj ntau dhau los ntawm cov nplaim ntawm cov khoom, tshuab, lossis cov khoom tiav, ua kom huv si thiab tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj ntawm roj. Qhov ua rau nws ntseeg tau tshwj xeeb yog tias nws lub peev xwm nqus tau tseem ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kub thiab txias - los ntawm qhov kub siab ntawm cov qhov cub lag luam mus rau qhov ntub ntawm cov chaw khaws khoom - ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv tas mus li rau kev siv mus sij hawm ntev yam tsis poob qhov ua tau zoo. Tsis zoo li qee cov khoom siv hluavtaws adsorbents, nws kuj tseem khaws nws cov qauv txawm tias thaum puv tag, ua rau nws yooj yim rau kev tuav thiab pov tseg lossis rov ua dua rau kev siv dua hauv qee kis.

Cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho suav tias hmoov av diatomaceous yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws qhov kev rwb thaiv cua sov thiab kev tiv thaiv suab nrov zoo heev, nrog rau nws lub peev xwm los txhim kho kev ruaj khov. Thaum sib xyaw rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv phab ntsa xws li plaster, drywall, lossis cov laug cam rwb thaiv tsev tshwj xeeb, nws cov qauv porous ua haujlwm ua qhov thaiv kev xa cua sov: thaum lub caij ntuj no, nws ntes cua sov hauv cov tsev, txo qhov poob cua sov; thaum lub caij ntuj sov, nws thaiv cua kub los ntawm kev nkag mus, pab tswj qhov kub thiab txias hauv tsev yam tsis tas siv cov cua sov lossis cua txias ntau dhau. Dhau li ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev, cov hmoov kuj nqus cov nthwv dej suab los ntawm kev tshem tawm lawv lub zog hauv nws cov qhov hws, txo qhov kev sib kis suab nrov ntawm chav lossis los ntawm cov chaw sab nraum zoov - ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev siv hauv cov tsev nyob, chaw ua haujlwm, thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam uas kev tswj suab nrov tseem ceeb. Hauv kev tsim kho txoj kev asphalt, kev ntxiv hmoov av diatomaceous rau hauv cov asphalt sib xyaw coj ntau yam txiaj ntsig: nws txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm txoj kev, txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev hnav tiv thaiv kev thauj mus los ntau, thiab txhawb kev tiv thaiv skid, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb hauv cov xwm txheej ntub lossis dej khov. Nws kuj tseem txo cov teeb meem ntawm txoj kev xws li roj ntws (qhov twg cov asphalt binder nce mus rau saum npoo) thiab rutting (cov qhov tob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev nias ntawm lub tsheb ntau zaus), ua rau lub neej ntawm txoj kev ntev dua ob peb xyoos thiab txo qhov kev kho thiab kho dua tshiab kim heev. Rau cov ntaub ntawv ru tsev, xws li asphalt shingle lossis cov ntaub thaiv dej, cov hmoov no ntxiv ib txheej ntxiv ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj dej los ntawm kev sau cov qhov me me hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab tsim kom muaj cov khoom thaiv dej ntom ntom, tiv thaiv cov tsev los ntawm kev xau, kev puas tsuaj los ntawm dej, thiab lwj hauv cov qauv ru tsev.

Cov roj hmab thiab cov yas siv cov hmoov av diatomaceous ua cov khoom siv uas pheej yig thiab ua kom muaj zog, vim nws ua kom cov khoom zoo dua yam tsis ntxiv qhov hnyav lossis nqi ntau dhau. Hauv kev tsim roj hmab - rau cov khoom xws li cov log tsheb, cov foob, cov hoses, thiab cov gaskets - cov hmoov ua rau cov roj hmab tawv thiab tawv dua thaum txhim kho nws txoj kev tiv thaiv kev hnav, qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom uas nyiaj dhau kev sib txhuam lossis kev nyuaj siab. Nws qhov me me ntawm cov khoom me me (feem ntau ntsuas hauv micrometers) thiab thaj chaw loj tso cai rau nws kom sib txuas nrog cov roj hmab matrix, txhim kho kev sib txuas ntawm cov hmoov thiab roj hmab thiab txhawb nqa cov khoom siv lub zog tensile, uas tiv thaiv kev rhuav lossis ncab thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab. Nws kuj ua haujlwm ua tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke thaum lub sijhawm sib tov, xyuas kom meej tias lwm cov khoom ntxiv (xws li cov xim lossis cov tshuaj antioxidants) tseem sib npaug thoob plaws hauv cov roj hmab, zam kev tsis sib xws hauv kev ua tau zoo lossis tsos. Rau cov yas - siv rau hauv cov khoom xws li cov kav dej thiab cov khoom siv rau cov khoom ntim khoom thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsheb - cov hmoov txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, ua rau cov yas tsis tshua muaj kev tawg thaum poob lossis ntaus. Nws kuj txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev rhuav thiab kev laus tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv cov khoom yas kom tsis txhob tawg dhau sijhawm vim raug tshav ntuj lossis kev hloov pauv kub. Piv txwv li, cov kav dej yas uas muaj hmoov av diatomaceous qhia tau tias muaj kev tiv taus zoo dua rau kev nyuaj siab thiab kev xeb ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, thaum cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom ua tau ruaj khov dua thiab tsis yooj yim dua thaum thauj khoom thiab tuav.

Cov ntawv tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv ua los ntawm av nplaum kuj vam khom ntau rau hmoov av diatomaceous rau nws lub peev xwm los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim dua. Hauv kev tsim ntawv—rau cov khoom xws li ntawv luam ntawv, ntawv ntim khoom, thiab ntawv tshwj xeeb (xws li cov uas siv hauv cov lim dej lossis cov ntawv ntim khoom kho mob, tsis suav nrog cov ntawv siv kho mob lawv tus kheej)—cov hmoov ua haujlwm ua ib txheej lossis cov khoom sau uas txhim kho cov khoom tseem ceeb. Nws txhim kho qhov opacity ntawm daim ntawv, xyuas kom meej tias cov kua mem tsis ntws los ntawm ib sab mus rau lwm sab, thiab txhawb kev du, uas ua rau muaj kev luam ntawv zoo dua, meej dua rau cov phau ntawv, cov ntawv xov xwm, thiab cov ntaub ntawv lag luam. Nws kuj txo cov ntawv ntsws los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov av noo, qhov teeb meem uas tuaj yeem ua rau daim ntawv nkhaus lossis ua rau cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm nkhaus, xyuas kom meej tias qhov ntev ruaj khov txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntub lossis qhuav. Rau cov ntawv ntim khoom, cov hmoov ntxiv ib txheej ntawm kev tawv thiab kev tiv thaiv kua muag, ua rau cov thawv thiab cov hnab ruaj khov dua rau kev xa cov khoom hnyav. Hauv kev tsim khoom siv ua los ntawm av nplaum—rau cov khoom xws li cov vuas pem teb, cov vuas phab ntsa, cov khoom siv ua los ntawm av nplaum hauv kev lag luam (xws li cov uas siv hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv qhov cub lossis cov thawv kub siab), thiab cov khoom siv ua los ntawm av nplaum zoo nkauj—cov hmoov ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txo cov nqi tsim khoom thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo. Nws txo qhov kub sintering uas yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom cov khoom siv ceramic tawv, uas txuag hluav taws xob thiab txo qhov hnav ntawm lub qhov cub. Nws kuj tseem txhim kho qhov porosity ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic, ua rau lawv sib dua yam tsis muaj kev txo qis lub zog, thiab txhim kho lawv qhov kev ruaj khov thermal, ua rau lawv tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias heev yam tsis tawg lossis tawg. Piv txwv li, cov khoom siv ceramics kev lag luam ua los ntawm hmoov av diatomaceous, tswj lawv cov qauv hauv qhov chaw kub siab xws li lub cub tawg lossis cov chaw tsim khoom, thaum cov vuas pem teb ua rau tsis yooj yim rau khawb thiab cov xim av vim yog cov hmoov ua kom muaj zog.

Hauv kev xaus lus, hmoov av diatomaceous sawv tawm ua ib yam khoom siv hauv kev lag luam uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev uas nws tus nqi yog los ntawm nws cov qauv porous ntuj thiab ruaj khov, ntau yam khoom siv. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws ua haujlwm ntau yam tseem ceeb thoob plaws cov khoom tseem ceeb: los ntawm kev ntxuav cov kua dej hauv kev lim dej thiab kho cov pa phem hauv kev nqus mus rau kev txhim kho kev ruaj khov hauv cov txheej txheem, cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, roj hmab, yas, ntawv, thiab ceramics. Hauv txhua daim ntawv thov, nws muab cov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb: nws txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom los ntawm kev txhawb nqa lub zog, kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev sib xws; luv luv cov voj voog ntau lawm los ntawm kev ua kom cov txheej txheem xws li ziab lossis sintering; txo cov nqi los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ua tus neeg sau nqi lossis txo cov kev xav tau kev saib xyuas; thiab txhim kho kev ntseeg siab los ntawm kev tswj hwm nws cov khoom nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam. Rau cov chaw tsim khoom thoob plaws cov khoom no, txawm tias lawv tsim cov khoom me me lossis cov ntaub ntawv loj, hmoov av diatomaceous muab cov kev daws teeb meem yooj yim, yooj yim rau kev siv uas ua tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau ntau lawm - tsis tas yuav muaj kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb lossis cov khoom siv los koom ua ke rau hauv cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm uas twb muaj lawm. Kev koom ua ke nws rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm pab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm los ntawm kev txo cov khib nyiab, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab xa cov khoom uas ua tau raws li cov qauv zoo dua, uas ua rau cov lag luam sawv tawm hauv kev lag luam sib tw. Nws muaj ntau yam kev siv, kev ua tau zoo tas mus li, thiab keeb kwm ntuj tsim ua rau nws muaj nqis, siv tau ntev hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam, nrog rau kev siv uas txuas ntxiv nthuav dav thaum cov chaw tsim khoom nrhiav pom txoj hauv kev tshiab los siv nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb.