Diatomite yog ib hom pob zeb siliceous, feem ntau faib hauv Suav teb, Tebchaws Meskas, Nyiv, Denmark, Fabkis, Romania thiab lwm lub tebchaws.Nws yog biogenic siliceous sedimentary pob zeb, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov seem ntawm ancient diatoms.Nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg feem ntau yog SiO2, uas tuaj yeem qhia tau tias SiO2 · nH2O, thiab nws cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg yog opal thiab nws ntau yam.Cov reserves ntawm diatomite nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj yog 320 lab tons, thiab yav tom ntej reserves yog ntau tshaj 2 billion tons.

Qhov ntom ntawm diatomite yog 1.9-2.3g / cm3, qhov ntom ntom yog 0.34-0.65g / cm3, thaj chaw tshwj xeeb yog 40-65 ㎡ / g, thiab qhov pore ntim yog 0.45-0.98m ³ / g.Kev nqus dej yog 2-4 zaug ntawm nws tus kheej ntim, thiab lub ntsiab lus melting yog 1650C-1750 ℃.Cov qauv ntxeem tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob.

Diatomite yog tsim los ntawm amorphous SiO2 thiab muaj me me ntawm Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, Al2O3 thiab cov organic impurities.Diatomite feem ntau yog lub teeb daj lossis lub teeb grey, mos, ntxeem tau thiab lub teeb.Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam raws li thermal rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv, lim khoom, muab tub lim, abrasive cov ntaub ntawv, dej iav raw khoom, decolorizing tus neeg saib xyuas, diatomite lim pab, catalyst carrier, thiab lwm yam. Lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm ntuj diatomite yog SiO2.Qhov zoo tshaj plaws diatomite yog dawb, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm SiO2 feem ntau tshaj 70%.Monomer diatoms tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab.Cov xim ntawm diatomite nyob ntawm cov av nplaum ntxhia thiab cov organic teeb meem, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm diatomite los ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av sib txawv yog txawv.

Diatomite yog ib hom fossil diatom accumulative av deposit tsim tom qab tuag ntawm ib leeg-celled nroj tsuag hu ua diatom tom qab ib tug tsub zuj zuj ntawm txog 10000 mus rau 20000 xyoo.Diatom yog ib qho ntawm cov protozoa ntxov tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, nyob hauv dej hiav txwv lossis dej pas dej.

Qhov no diatomite yog tsim los ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm cov seem ntawm ib leeg-celled dej cog diatom.Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov diatom no yog tias nws tuaj yeem nqus cov silicon dawb hauv dej los tsim nws cov pob txha.Thaum nws lub neej dhau lawm, nws yuav tso thiab tsim diatomite deposits nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob geological.Nws muaj qee yam khoom tshwj xeeb, xws li porosity, tsis tshua muaj concentration, loj tshwj xeeb thaj chaw, txheeb ze incompressibility thiab tshuaj stability.Tom qab hloov pauv qhov loj me me thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov av nyoos los ntawm kev sib tsoo, sorting, calcination, huab cua txaus faib, tshem tawm impurity thiab lwm yam txheej txheem, nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam kev xav tau xws li cov xim pleev xim.