Cov tshuaj lom neeg tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlaws dai ntab yog cov oxide ntawm silicon thiab txhuas, uas cov ntsiab lus ntawm silicon dioxide yog li 50-65%, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhuas oxide yog li 25-35%. Vim tias qhov chaw yaj ntawm silica yog siab txog 1725 ℃ thiab ntawm alumina yog 2050 ℃, lawv txhua tus yog cov khoom siv refractory siab. Yog li ntawd, cov hlaws dai ntab muaj refractoriness siab heev, feem ntau txog 1600-1700 ℃, ua rau lawv zoo heev refractories. Lub teeb yuag, rwb thaiv tsev thermal. Phab ntsa ntab ntab yog nyias thiab hollow, lub qhov yog semi vacuum, tsuas yog me me ntawm cov roj (N2, H2 thiab CO2, thiab lwm yam), thiab cov cua sov conduction qeeb heev thiab me me heev. Yog li ntawd, cov hlaws dai ntab tsis yog tsuas yog lub teeb hauv qhov hnyav (qhov hnyav ntim 250-450 kg / m3), tab sis kuj zoo heev hauv kev rwb thaiv tsev thermal (thermal conductivity 0.08-0.1 ntawm chav tsev kub), uas tso lub hauv paus rau lawv los ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev thermal.

Muaj zog thiab tawv heev. Vim tias cov hlaws dai yog lub cev iav tawv uas tsim los ntawm silica alumina mineral theem (quartz thiab mullite), nws qhov tawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag Mohs 6-7, lub zog siab static tuaj yeem ncav cuag 70-140mpa, thiab nws qhov ceev tiag tiag yog 2.10-2.20g / cm3, uas sib npaug rau cov pob zeb. Yog li ntawd, cov hlaws dai muaj zog heev. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv porous lossis hollow xws li perlite, pob zeb boiling, diatomite, sepiolite thiab expanded vermiculite muaj qhov tawv thiab lub zog tsis zoo. Cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev thermal lossis cov khoom siv refractory ua los ntawm lawv muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub zog tsis zoo. Lawv qhov tsis zoo tsuas yog lub zog ntawm cov hlaws dai ntab, yog li cov hlaws dai ntab muaj kev sib tw ntau dua thiab kev siv dav dua. Qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me yog qhov zoo thiab thaj chaw tshwj xeeb yog loj. Qhov loj me ntuj ntawm cov hlaws dai ntab yog 1-250 μ M. Thaj chaw tshwj xeeb yog 300-360cm2 / g, zoo ib yam li cov cement. Yog li ntawd, cov hlaws dai ntab tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha yam tsis tau sib tsoo.

Qhov zoo tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam khoom, lwm cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev thermal feem ntau yog cov khoom loj (xws li perlite, thiab lwm yam), yog tias sib tsoo yuav ua rau muaj peev xwm ntau ntxiv, yog li ntawd qhov rwb thaiv tsev thermal raug txo qis heev. Hauv qhov no, cov hlaws dai ntab muaj qhov zoo. Kev rwb thaiv tsev hluav taws xob zoo heev. Cov hlaws dai ntab yog cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev thiab tsis ua hluav taws xob. Feem ntau, qhov tsis kam ntawm cov insulator txo qis nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub, tab sis qhov tsis kam ntawm cov hlaws dai ntab nce ntxiv nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub. Qhov zoo no tsis muaj los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv qhov kub siab.