Kaolin yog cov av uas tsis yog hlau, uas yog cov av nplaum thiab pob zeb av nplaum feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov av nplaum kaolinite pawg. Vim nws cov xim dawb thiab zoo nkauj, nws kuj hu ua av Baiyun. Nws tau muab lub npe rau lub zos Gaoling hauv Jingdezhen, Jiangxi xeev.

Nws cov kaolin dawb huv yog dawb, mos, thiab mos hauv cov qauv, nrog rau cov khoom zoo thiab tshuaj lom neeg xws li plasticity thiab hluav taws tsis kam. Nws cov khoom siv hauv av feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov zaub mov xws li kaolinite, halloysite, hydromica, illite, montmorillonite, nrog rau quartz thiab feldspar. Kaolin siv dav hauv kev ua ntawv, ceramics, thiab cov ntaub ntawv refractory, ua raws li cov txheej txheem, roj hmab fillers, enamel glazes, thiab cov ntaub ntawv raw cement dawb. Me me yog siv rau hauv yas, xim, pigments, sib tsoo log, cwj mem, tshuaj pleev ib ce txhua hnub, xab npum, tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj, textiles, roj av, tshuaj lom neeg, cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, kev tiv thaiv lub teb chaws, thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.

Cov zaub mov uas muaj nyob hauv kaolin hauv xwm feem ntau yog muab faib ua cov av nplaum thiab cov zaub mov uas tsis yog av nplaum. Cov zaub mov av nplaum feem ntau suav nrog cov zaub mov kaolinite thiab me ntsis montmorillonite, mica, thiab chlorite; Cov zaub mov uas tsis yog av nplaum feem ntau suav nrog feldspar, quartz, thiab hydrates, nrog rau qee cov zaub mov hlau xws li hematite, siderite, limonite, titanium xws li rutile, thiab cov organic xws li cov nroj tsuag fibers. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kaolin yog cov zaub mov av nplaum.

Kaolin tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau ntau lub lag luam xws li kev ua ntawv, ceramics, roj hmab, kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg, kev pleev xim, tshuaj, thiab kev tiv thaiv lub tebchaws.

Kev lag luam ceramic yog qhov kev lag luam thaum ub thiab siv dav tshaj plaws rau kev siv kaolin. Feem ntau cov tshuaj yog 20% ​​txog 30% ntawm cov mis. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kaolin hauv ceramics yog los qhia Al2O3, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim mullite, txhim kho nws cov tshuaj ruaj khov thiab lub zog sintering. Thaum lub sijhawm sintering, kaolin decomposes los ua mullite, tsim lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau lub zog ntawm lub cev. Qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom, nthuav qhov kub ntawm kev tua hluav taws, thiab tseem muab lub cev qee qib ntawm kev dawb. Tib lub sijhawm, kaolin muaj qee qib ntawm plasticity, adhesion, suspension, thiab bonding muaj peev xwm, muab cov av nkos porcelain thiab glaze nrog kev ua tau zoo, ua rau lub cev av nkos ceramic muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev tsheb thiab grouting, ua rau nws yooj yim rau kev tsim. Yog tias siv rau hauv cov xov hlau, nws tuaj yeem ua rau rwb thaiv tsev thiab txo qhov poob dielectric.

Cov khoom siv ua los ntawm av nplaum tsis yog tsuas yog muaj cov kev cai nruj rau qhov plasticity, adhesion, drying shrinkage, drying strength, sintering shrinkage, sintering properties, fire resistance, thiab post firing whiteness ntawm kaolin, tab sis kuj muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov muaj cov ntsiab lus chromogenic xws li hlau, titanium, tooj liab, chromium, thiab manganese, uas txo qhov dawb tom qab firing thiab tsim cov pob.

Qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm kaolin feem ntau yog tias qhov zoo dua, yog li cov av nkos porcelain muaj cov yas zoo thiab lub zog ziab. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov txheej txheem casting uas xav tau kev casting sai, kev nrawm nrawm grouting, thiab kev qhuav dej ceev, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los nce qhov loj ntawm cov khoom xyaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm crystallinity ntawm kaolinite hauv kaolin kuj tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv porcelain billets. Yog tias qhov crystallinity zoo, qhov plasticity thiab kev sib txuas lus qis, qhov ziab shrinkage me me, qhov kub sintering siab, thiab cov ntsiab lus impurity kuj txo qis; Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws cov plasticity siab dua, qhov ziab shrinkage ntau dua, qhov kub sintering qis dua, thiab cov ntsiab lus impurity sib xws kuj siab dua.