Kaolin yog cov ntxhia uas tsis yog xim hlau, uas yog cov av nplaum thiab cov av nplaum pob zeb feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov pawg kaolinite av nplaum.Vim nws cov tsos dawb thiab muag heev, nws tseem hu ua Baiyun av.Nws yog lub npe hu ua Gaoling Village hauv Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province.

Nws cov kaolin ntshiab yog dawb, muag heev, thiab mos hauv kev ntxhib los mos, nrog lub cev zoo thiab tshuaj lom neeg xws li plasticity thiab hluav taws kub.Nws cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tsim los ntawm cov zaub mov xws li kaolinite, halloysite, hydromica, illite, montmorillonite, nrog rau quartz thiab feldspar.Kaolin yog dav siv nyob rau hauv papermaking, ceramics, thiab refractory cov ntaub ntawv, ua raws li los ntawm coatings, roj hmab fillers, enamel glazes, thiab dawb cement raw cov ntaub ntawv.Ib qho me me yog siv rau hauv cov yas, xim, xim, sib tsoo log, xaum, tshuaj pleev ib ce txhua hnub, xab npum, tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj, textiles, roj av, tshuaj, khoom siv hauv tsev, kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws, thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.

Cov minerals uas muaj nyob rau hauv kaolin nyob rau hauv cov xwm yog tsuas yog muab faib ua av nplaum minerals thiab tsis muaj av nplaum minerals.Av nplaum cov zaub mov feem ntau suav nrog cov pob zeb hauv pawg kaolinite thiab ib qho me me ntawm montmorillonite, mica, thiab chlorite;Cov ntxhia tsis muaj av nplaum feem ntau suav nrog feldspar, quartz, thiab hydrates, nrog rau qee cov hlau hlau xws li hematite, siderite, limonite, titanium minerals xws li rutile, thiab organic teeb meem xws li cov nroj tsuag fibers.Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kaolin yog av nplaum ntxhia.

Kaolin tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv ntxhia tseem ceeb rau ntau qhov kev lag luam xws li papermaking, ceramics, roj hmab, chemical engineering, coatings, pharmaceuticals, thiab lub teb chaws tiv thaiv.

Kev lag luam ceramic yog qhov ntxov tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv kev lag luam rau kev siv kaolin.Qhov dav dav npaum li cas yog 20% ​​mus rau 30% ntawm cov mis.Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kaolin hauv ceramics yog qhia Al2O3, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev tsim cov mullite, txhim kho nws cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab sintering zog.Thaum lub sij hawm sintering, kaolin decomposes rau daim ntawv mullite, tsim lub hauv paus ntsiab lus rau lub zog ntawm lub cev.Qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev deformation ntawm cov khoom, nthuav dav qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tseem ua rau lub cev muaj qee qhov xim dawb.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kaolin muaj qee qib ntawm plasticity, adhesion, ncua kev kawm ntawv, thiab kev sib txuas muaj peev xwm, muab cov av nkos porcelain thiab glaze nrog zoo formability, ua rau cov av nkos ceramic lub cev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev lub cev thiab grouting, ua kom yooj yim rau daim ntawv.Yog tias siv rau hauv cov xov hlau, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev thiab txo qhov poob ntawm dielectric.

Ceramics tsis tsuas yog muaj cov kev cai nruj rau cov yas, adhesion, ziab shrinkage, ziab lub zog, sintering shrinkage, sintering zog, hluav taws kub, thiab tom qab firing whiteness ntawm kaolin, tab sis kuj muaj cov tshuaj muaj zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj cov chromogenic ntsiab xws li hlau, titanium, tooj liab, chromium, thiab manganese, uas txo cov tom qab firing whiteness thiab tsim me ntsis.

Qhov yuav tsum tau rau qhov loj me me ntawm kaolin feem ntau yog qhov zoo dua, yog li cov av nkos plooj (porcelain) muaj cov yas zoo thiab ziab kom qhuav.Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov txheej txheem casting uas yuav tsum tau ua kom nrawm nrawm, nrawm nrawm nrawm, thiab lub cev qhuav dej ceev, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom xyaw.Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm crystallinity ntawm kaolinite hauv kaolin kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov plooj (porcelain billets).Yog hais tias lub crystallinity yog zoo, lub plasticity thiab bonding peev xwm yog tsawg, lub qhuav shrinkage yog me me, lub sintering kub yog siab, thiab cov impurity cov ntsiab lus kuj txo;Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws cov plasticity siab dua, ziab shrinkage ntau dua, sintering kub qis dua, thiab cov ntsiab lus impurity coj los kuj siab dua.